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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Morphological Characterization of Amaranthus palmeri x A. spinosus Hybrids

  AUTHORS: William T. Molin, Vijay K. Nandula

  KEYWORDS: Herbicide, Hybrid, Palmer Amaranth, Resistance, Spiny Amaranth

  JOURNAL NAME: American Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol.8 No.6, May 27, 2017

  ABSTRACT: The growth of clones of seven Amaranthus palmeri x A. spinosus hybrids was compared to type specimens of A. palmeri and A. spinosus. The hybrids came from the field where they were originally discovered and clones of the type specimens and hybrids were established under greenhouse conditions and used to compare growth rates. A. palmeri had the highest growth rate and A. spinosus the lowest growth rate based on height, node counts, and dry weight accumulation. A. palmeri also had the greatest number of days to flowering and A. spinosus the fewest. Hybrids had intermediary growth rates and days to flowering, but differed from each other with regard to sex identity. The hybrids were either dioecious like A. palmeri or, if monoecious, had patterns unlike A. spinosus. Spine length and texture also varied in hybrids and some were without spines. Hybrid 16Ci was short compared to all others and had succulent leaves and stems, which easily separated from the plant body. These hybridizations resulted in morphologically distinct types with acquisition of physical traits intermediate to the type specimens which may drive evolution of these species.