American Society of Breast Surgeons. Position Statement on Breast Cancer Lumpectomy Margins.
https://www.breastsurgeons.org/statements/PDF_Statements/Lumpectomy_Margins.pdf

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Frozen Section Analysis of Breast Lumpectomy Margins

  AUTHORS: Fatma Khinaifis Althoubaity, Adnan Merdad, Nouf Yahya Akeel, Nisar Haider Zaidi, Abdullah Omar Sultan

  KEYWORDS: Frozen Section, Lumpectomy, Margins, Breast Lump

  JOURNAL NAME: Surgical Science, Vol.8 No.6, June 28, 2017

  ABSTRACT: Objectives: To evaluate breast lumpectomy margins by frozen section in breast conservation surgery. Methods: A retrospective study of frozen section of lumpectomy margins of one hundred ten patients was done at King Abdulaziz University Hospital from June 2007 to June 2013. All patients underwent lumpectomy + Sentinel lymph node biopsy. Patient records were studied for location of mass in breast, size of mass, site of breast, pre or postmenopausal, frozen section margins, new frozen section margins, permanent margins, reoperation. Complications like skin necrosis, numbness, and wound infection were studied. Result: Majority were Saudis (64.5%). Left breast was involved in 60%. Upper outer quadrant was involved in majority (51.9%). Size of mass was less than 1 cm in 14.8% cases, 1 - 2.9 cm in 43.5%, 3 - 4 cm in 13%, more than 4 cm in 10.2%. Lumpectomy plus sentinel lymph node biopsy was done in 96.4% and lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection was done in 1.8% cases. Gross margins were positive in 17.3% and frozen margins were positive in 28.2%. New margin on frozen section were positive in 3.6% and negative in 79.1%. Permanent section histology showed positive margins in 5.5% and negative in 94.5% cases. Re-operation was done in 7.3%. Lympho-vascular margins were positive in 20.9%. Skin necrosis was found in 2.2%, numbness was found in 4.4%, wound infection was in 2.2%. Conclusion: Lumpectomy margins with frozen section reduce re-operation and recurrence.