Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance Are Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Nondiabetic Adults with Abdominal Obesity

Luis Vigil, Albert Goday, Rafael Gabriel, Juan Francisco Ascaso, Josep Franch, Rafael Ortega

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DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2011.24063                

Abstract

Aims: we investigate whether insulin resistance is associated with an increased prevalence for chronic kidney disease irrespective of the concurrent presence of metabolic syndrome. Methods: 1638 patients with abdominal obesity were selected. Metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity were defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Insulin resistance was defined by Homeostasis Model Assessment Index >P75. Chronic kidney disease was defined by the presence of a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (<60 ml/min/1.73 m²) or microalbuminuria (30 mg/g - 300 mg/g. albumin/creatinine ratio). Results: metabolic syndrome was present in 1030 (62.9%) patients and insulin resistance in 787 (48%). Conversely 61% of those with metabolic syndrome were insulin resistant and 79% of those with insulin resistance had metabolic syndrome. Chronic kidney disease was present in 18%. In multivariate analysis, chronic kidney disease was increased in subjects with insulin resistance (odds ratio [OR] = 1.350; CI 95%: 1.021 - 1.785; p = 0.035) and in those with metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.417; CI 95%: 1.045 - 1.922; p = 0.025). Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance were significant and independently associated with chronic kidney disease in nondiabetic adults with abdominal obesity.

Keywords

Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, Abdominal Obesity, Microalbuminuria, Chronic Kidney Disease

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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