RETRACTED: Lead in Karvandar River Basin Sediment, Sistan and Balouchestan, IRAN

Abstract

Short Retraction Notice

The paper does not meet the standards of "Open Journal of Geology".

This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused.

The full retraction notice in PDF is preceding the original paper, which is marked "RETRACTED".

Share and Cite:

  

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] ASTM (1990) Standard Guide for Collection, Storage, Characterization and Manipulation of Sediments for Toxicological Testing. American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM Designation E1391, Philadelphia.
[2] Callender, E. and Rice, K. (2000) The Urban Environmental Gradient: Anthropogenic Influences on the Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Lead and Zinc in Sediments. Environmental Science & Technology, 34, 232-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es990380s
[3] Varkouhi, Sh. (2007) Biogeochemical Evaluation of Trace Elements in Fish Liver, Case Study: Khorram Abad River Basin, Lorestan, IRAN. Iranian Journal of Science & Technology, Transaction A, 31, 54-61.
[4] Stara, J.F., Kello, D. and Durkin, P. (1980) Human Health Hazards Associated with Chemical Contamination of Aquatic Environment. Environmental Health Perspectives, 34, 145-158.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8034145
[5] Campbell, W.J. (1976) Metals in the Waste We Burn? Environmental Science & Technology, 10, 436-439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es60116a007
[6] Crecelius, E.A., Bothner, M.H. and Carpenter, R. (1975) Geochemistries of Arsenic, Antimony, Mercury, and Related Elements in Sediments of Puget Sound. Environmental Science & Technology, 9, 325-333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es60102a007
[7] Forstner, U. and Wittmann, G.T.W. (1976) Metal Pollution in the Aquatic Environment. Springer-Verlag, New York, 39-42.
[8] Shelton, L.R. and Capel, P.D. (1994) Guidelines for Collecting and Processing Samples of Streambed Sediment for Analysis of Trace Elements and Organic Contaminants for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program. US Geological Open-File Report 94-458, Sacramento, 20pp.
[9] Varkouhi, Sh. (2007) Geochemical Evaluation of Lead Trace Element in Streambed Sediments. Proceeding of the WSEAS International Conference on Waste Management, Water Pollution, Air Pollution, Indoor Climate, Arcachon, 13-15 October 2007, 262-268.
[10] Deacon, J.R. and Driver, N.E. (1999) Distribution of Trace Elements in Streambed Sediment Associated with Mining Activities in the Upper Colorado River Basin, Colorado, USA, 1995-96. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 37, 7-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900484
[11] Glenn, C.R., Rajan, S., McMurtry, G.M. and Benaman, J. (1995) Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Stable Isotopic Results from Ala Wai Estuarine Sediments: Records of Hypereutrophication and Abiotic Whitings. Pacific Science, 49, 367-399.
[12] De Carlo, E.H. and Spencer, K.J. (1995) Sedimentary Records of Anthropogenic Inputs of Heavy Metals to the Ala Wai a Small Man-Made Estuary in Honolulu, Hawaii. Pacific Science, 49, 471-491.
[13] De Carlo, E.H. and Spencer, K.J. (1997) Retrospective Analysis of Anthropogenic Inputs of Lead and Other Heavy Metals to the Hawaiian Sedimentary Environment. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 11, 415-437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0739(199705)11:5<415::AID-AOC599>3.0.CO;2-P
[14] Pellenbarg, R.E., De Carlo, E.H., Boyle, M.E. and Lamontagne, R.A. (1997) Sedimentary Siloxanes: A Geochronological Study. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 11, 345-349.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0739(199704)11:4<345::AID-AOC588>3.0.CO;2-X
[15] De Carlo, E.H. and Anthony, S.S. (2002) Spatial and Temporal Variability of Trace Element Concentrations in an Urban Subtropical Watershed, Honolulu, Hawaii. Applied Geochemistry, 17, 475-492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(01)00114-7
[16] Callender, E. and Van Metre, P.C. (1997) Reservoir Sediment Cores Show US Lead Declines. Environmental Science and Technology, 31, 424A-428A.
[17] Velz, C.L. (1984) Applied Stream Sanitation. 2nd Edition, Wiley, New York.
[18] Jenkins, D.W. (1981) Biological Monitoring of Toxic Trace Elements. EPA Report 600/S3-80-090, Las Vegas, 1-9.
[19] Salomons, W. and Forstner, U. (1984) Metals in the Hydrocycle. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 349 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69325-0
[20] Grimwood, M. and Dixon, E. (1997) Assessment of Risks Posed by List II Metals to “Sensitive Marine Areas” (SMAs) and Adequacy of Existing Environmental Quality Standards (EQS’s) for SMA protection. WRc Report CO 4278/ 10435-0 to English Nature.
[21] McCall, G.J.H. and Eftekhar-Nezhad, J. (1993) Explanatory Text of the Nikshahr Quadrangle Map 1:250,000. Geological Quadrangle No. L14, Geological Survey of IRAN (GSI), 19-22.
[22] Rickert, D.A., Kennedy, V.C., McKenzie, S.W. and Hines, W.G. (1977) A Synoptic Survey of Trace Metals in Bottom Sediments of the Willamette River, Oregon. US Geological Survey Circular 715-F, Menlo Park, 27 p.
[23] Steele, T.D. and Doerfer, J.T. (1983) Bottom-Sediment Chemistry and Water Quality of the South Platte River in the Denver Metropolitan Area, Colorado. Denver Regional Council of Governments, Prepared by Woodward-Clyde Consultants, Job No. 20316, 20 p.
[24] Wilber, W.G. and Hunter, J.V. (1979) The Impact of Urbanization on the Distribution of Heavy Metals on Bottom Sediments of the Saddle River. Water Resources Bulletin, 15, 790-800.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1979.tb00397.x
[25] Persaud, D., Jaagumagi, R. and Hayton, A. (1993) Guidelines for the Protection and Management of Aquatic Sediment Quality in Ontario. Ministry of Environment and Energy, Ontario, 27 p.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.