Evaluation of Various Mango Varieties against the Infection Dynamics of Powdery Mildew (Oidium mangiferae Bert.)

Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi, Rashida Perveen, Syed Amir Manzoor, Hafiz Muhammad Imran Umar, Muhammad Tayyab Iqbal, Fatima Liaquat, Taha Majid, Ahsan Irshad

Department of Forestry, FAST, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, FAST, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Pathology, FAST, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
Department of Soil Science, FAST, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.

DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2014.515250                

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica L: Anacardiaceae) is regarded as the most liked fruit in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Powdery mildew of mango caused by Oidium mangiferae Bert. is one of the major plant pathological constraints in growing healthy mango orchards. The apparent symptoms of the disease occurred on young tissues of all parts of flowers, leaves and fruits. Severe blossom infection could result in complete damage to fruit; flower failed to open and drop off from the inflorescence. The inflorescence revealed a pattern of disease from tip to downward and showed itself by the emergence of wefts of white mycelium on the affected parts. Twenty-five mango varieties i.e. Langra, Dusehri, Ratole No.12, Fajri, Sindhri, Chaunsa Samar Bahisht, Anwar ratole, Neelam, Yakta, Tota Pari, Sensation, Saroli, Malda, Ghulab e Khas, Chaunsa Black, Chaunsa white, Anmol, Almas, Shan e Ali, Shan e Mustafa, Mahmood Khan, Armughan, Zafaran, Malda Late and Early Gold were evaluated through the observation of symptoms on young inflorescence to determine the disease incidence, disease severity index and average yield of fruit. The study was carried out in a randomized compete block design with twenty-five treatments and three replications. The mango varieties presented different performance in relation to powdery mildew incidence and could be categorized into eight groups. Maximum disease incidence was observed (33.33%, 26.66% and 26.66%, 26.66%) on Dusehri, Chaunsa Samar Bahisht, Malda and Ratole No.12 respectively and minimum disease incidence was (3.66% and 3.66%) noted on Almas and Sensation. These two varieties showed to be tolerant against the disease. It might be concluded that the presence or absence of symptoms caused by the powdery mildew had no such effect on the fruit yield of the mango cultivars.

Keywords

Powdery Mildew, Oidium mangiferae Bert., Infection, Varieties, RCBD

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Balal, R.M., Khan, M.M., Shahid, M.A. and Waqas, M. (2011) Mango Cultivation in Pakistan. Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
[2]	Ploetz, R.C., David, B. and Schaffer, B. (1996) A Re-Examination of Mango Decline in Florida. Plant Diseases, 80, 664-668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-80-0664
[3]	Talpur, M.A. and Khuhro, R.D. (2003) Relative Population of Mango Hopper Species on Different Mango Varieties. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 6, 183-186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1226-8615(08)60184-3
[4]	Johnson, G.I. (1994) Powdery Mildew. In: Ploetz, R.C., Ed., Compendium of Tropical Fruit Diseases, American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, 38-39.
[5]	Rawal, R.D. and Saxana, A.K. (1997) Diseases of Dryland Horticulture and Their Management. In: Silver Jubilee National Symposium Arid Horticulture, HISAR Proceedings, HSH/CCS, Hisar, HAU, 5-7.
[6]	Junqueira, N.T.V., Mda, M. and Ramos, V.H.V. (2001) Doencas da mangueira. In: Manica, I., Eds., Manga Technologia, producao, agroindustria e exportacao, Editora Cinco Continents, Porto Alegre, 361-417.
[7]	Parkash, O. (1996) Principal Diseases of Mango: Causes and Control. In: Singh, S.J., Ed., Advances in Diseases of Fruit Crops in India, Kalyani Publisher, India, 191-225.
[8]	Misra, A.K. (2002) Integrated Disease Management in Mango. Manual of Summer School on Recent Advances in Production, Protection and Post Harvest Management of Subtropical Fruits.
[9]	Singh, L.B. (1960) The Mango Botany, Cultivation and Utilization. Inter-Science Publication Inc., New York.
[10]	Gupta, J.H. (1989) Perpetuation and Epidemiology of Powdery Mildew of Mango. Actahorticulturae, Leuven, 231, 528-533.
[11]	Akhtar, K.P., Khan, M.A., Kazmi, M.R., Hussain, R.I. and Fatima, B. (1999) Preventive Control of Powdery Mildew Disease of Mango. Agricultural Sciences. Sultan Qaboos University. Journal of Scientometric Research, 4, 23-28.
[12]	Ribeiro, I.J.A. (1997) Doencas da mangueira (Mnagifer aindica L.). In: Kimati, H., et al., Eds., Manual de Fitopatologia Volume 2: Doencas das plantascultivadas, 3rd Edition, Agronomica Ceres, Sao Paulo, 511-524.
[13]	Carvalho, C.R.L., Rossetto, C.J., Mantovani, D.M.B., Morgano, M.A., De Castro, J.V. and Bortoletto, N. (2004) Avaliacao de cultivares de mangueria selecionadas pelo Instituto Agronomico de Campinas comparadas a outras de importanica comerical. Revista Brasileria de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, 26, 264-271.
[14]	Jamadar, M. and Desai, S.A. (1997) Bioefficacy of Dimethomorph against Downy Mildew of Grapevine. Advances of Agriculture Research in India, 4, 81-85.
[15]	Verma, K.S. and Deepraj, K. (1998) Management of Powdery Mildew of Mango. Plant Disease Research, 13, 190-192.
[16]	Palti, J., Pinkas, Y. and Chorin, M. (1974) Powdery Mildew of Mango. Plant Disease Report, 58, 45-49.