Mobility Trigger Management: Implementation and Evaluation

Abstract

Modern mobile devices have several network interfaces and can run various network applications. In order to remain always best connected, events need to be communicated through the entire protocol stack in an efficient manner. Current implementations can handle only a handful of low level events that may trigger actions for mobility management, such as signal strength indicators and cell load. In this paper, we present a framework for managing mobility triggers that can deal with a greater variety of triggering events, which may originate from any component of the node’s protocol stack as well as mobility management entities within the network. We explain the main concepts that govern our trigger management framework and discuss its architecture which aims at operating in a richer mobility management framework, enabling the deployment of new applications and services. We address several implementation issues, such as, event collection and processing, storage, and trigger dissemination, and introduce a real implementation for commodity mobile devices. We review our testbed environment and provide experimental results showcasing a lossless streaming video session handover between a laptop and a PDA using mobility and sensor-driven orientation triggers. Moreover, we empirically evaluate and analyze the performance of our prototype. We position our work and implementation within the Ambient Networks architecture and common prototype, centring in particular on the use of policies to steer operation. Finally, we outline current and future work items.

Share and Cite:

J. MAKELA, K. PENTIKOUSIS and V. KYLLONEN, "Mobility Trigger Management: Implementation and Evaluation," International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences, Vol. 2 No. 3, 2009, pp. 211-221. doi: 10.4236/ijcns.2009.23023.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] D. Johnson, C. Perkins, and J. Arkko, “Mobility support in IPv6,” Series Request for Comments, No. 3775. IETF, June 2004.
[2] A. Gurtov, “Host Identity Protocol (HIP): Towards the se-cure mobile Internet,” Wiley and Sons, pp. 328, June 2008.
[3] J. Makela, K. Pentikousis, M. Majanen, and J. Huusko, “Trigger management and mobile node cooperation,” in M. Katz and F. H. P Fitzek (Editors), Cognitive wireless networks: Concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications, Springer-Verlag, pp. 199-211, 2007.
[4] J. Makela and K. Pentikousis, “Trigger management mechanisms,” Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing, San Juan, Puerto Rico, pp. 378-383, February 2007.
[5] P. Prasad, W. Mohr, and W. Konhuser, “Third generation mobile communication systems,” Boston, MA, Artech House Publishers, 2005.
[6] J. Eisl (Editor), “Ambient networks D4.2: Mobility ar-chitecture & framework,” EU-project IST-2002-507134- AN/WP4/D4.2, 2005.
[7] P. Vidales, J. Baliosian, J. Serrat, G. Mapp, F. Stajano, and A. Hopper, “Autonomic system for mobility support in 4G networks,” IEEE JSAC, Vol. 423, No. 12, pp. 2288-2304.
[8] S. Ishihara, K. Koyama, G. Miyamoto, and M. Kuroda, “Predictive rate control for realtime video streaming with network triggered handover,” IEEE WCNC, Vol. 3 No. 13-17, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, pp. 1335-1340, 2005.
[9] H. Chaouchi and P. Antunes, “Pre-handover signalling for QoS aware mobility management,” International Journal of Network Management, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 367-374, 2005.
[10] E. Casalicchio, V. Cardellini, and S. Tucci, “A layer-2 trig-ger to improve QoS in content and session-oriented mobile services,” Proceedings of 8th ACM international Sympo-sium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, Montral, Quebec, Canada, pp. 95–102, 2005.
[11] C. Kappler, P. Mendes, C. Prehofer, P. P?yh?nen, and D. Zhou, “A framework for self-organized network compo-sition,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 3457, Springer, pp. 139-151, 2005.
[12] IEEE Std 802.21?-2008, IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks-Part 21: Media independent handover services, IEEE, January 2009.
[13] R. Giaffreda, K. Pentikousis, E. Hepworth, R. Agüero, and A. Galis, “An information service infrastructure for Ambient Networks”, Proc. 25th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks (PDCN), Innsbruck, Austria, February 2007, pp. 21-27.
[14] OASIS eXtensible Access Control Markup Language, OASIS specification, Available: http://www.oasis-open. org/committees/xacml/.
[15] N. Niebert, A. Schieder, J. Zander, and R. Hancock (Eds.), “Ambient networks; co-operative mobile networking for the wireless world,” Wiley & Sons, 2007.
[16] P. P??kk?nen, P. Salmela, R. Aguero, and J. Choque, “An integrated ambient networks prototype,” Proceedings SoftCOM 2007, Split, Croatia, pp. 27-29, September 2007.
[17] C. Simon, R. Rembarz, P. P??kk?nen, et al., “Ambient networks integrated prototype design and implementa-tion,” Proceedings 16th IST Mobile Summit, Budapest, Hungary, pp. 1-5, July 2005.
[18] K. Pentikousis, R. Agüero, J. Gebert, J. A. Galache, O. Blume, and P P??kk?nen, “The ambient networks het-erogeneous access selection architecture,” Proceedings First Ambient Networks Workshop on Mobility, Mul-tiaccess, and Network Management (M2NM), Sydney, Australia, pp. 49-54, October 2007.
[19] J. Makela, R. Aguero, J. Tenhunen, V. Kyll?nen, J. Choque, and L. Munoz, “Paving the way for future mo-bility mechanisms: A testbed for mobility triggering & moving network support,” Proceedings 2nd Interna-tional IEEE/Create-Net Tridentcom, Barcelona, Spain, March 2006.
[20] E. Tuulari and A. Ylisaukko-oja, “SoapBox: A platform for ubiquitous computing research and applications,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2414, Pervasive Computing, Zurich, CH: Springer, pp. 125-138, August 2002.
[21] C. Pinho, J. Ruela, K. Pentikousis, and C. Kappler, “A protocol for event distribution in next-generation dy-namic networks,” Proceedings Fourth EURO-NGI Con-ference on Next Generation Internet Networks (NGI), Krakow, Poland, pp. 123-130, April 2008.
[22] C. H. Lwi, H. Mohanty, and R. K. Ghosh, “Causal ordering in event notification service systems for mobile users,” Proceedings of International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing (ITCC), Vol. 2, pp. 735-740, 2004. Conference Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCS 02), pp. 639- 644, 2002.
[23] H. A. Duran-Limon, G. S. Blair, A. Friday, T. Sivaharan, and G. Samartzidis, “A resource and QoS management framework for a real-time event system in mobile ad hoc environments,” Proceedings of International Workshop Object-Oriented Real-Time Dependable Systems (WORDS), pp. 217-224, 2003.
[24] M. Luoto and T. Sutinen, “Cross-layer enhanced mobility management in heterogeneous networks,” Proceedings of International Conference on Communications, Beijing, China, May 2008.
[25] P. P??kk?nen, P. Salmela, R. Aguero, and J. Choque, “Performance analysis of HIP-based mobility and triggering,” Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks, 2008.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.