Plants used in traditional beekeeping in Burkina Faso

Schweitzer Paul, Nombré Issa, Aidoo Kwamé, Boussim I. Joseph

Institut des Sciences, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Institut des Sciences, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso&Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales UFR Science et Technique Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
International Stingless Bee Centre, Department of Entomology and Wildlife, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Laboratoire d’Analyses et d’Ecologie Apicole Centre d’Etudes Techniques Apicole de Moselle, Guenange, France.

DOI: 10.4236/oje.2013.35040                

Abstract

Beekeeping is one of the recommended approaches in the implementation of poverty alleviation programs in rural areas of Burkina Faso. However, plants that are important in beekeeping have not been identified. The use of parts and organs of plants by beekeepers and their methods of harvesting remain unknown. These limit the conservation efforts of these important plants and affect beekeeping development. The study was carried out in the south-central, eastcentral regions and in Comoé and Boucle of Mouhoun regions ofBurkina Faso. The objective of the study was to identify the plants species used by traditional beekeepers, the different uses made of these plant parts and organs and then to discuss the impact of these activities on the survival of the plant resources. An ethnoapiculture survey was conducted in the main apiculture zone of Burkina Faso, using semi-structured interviews. The methodology of botanical coherence or convergence was applied to classify botanical species. Results showed that 35 botanical species were used in traditional beekeeping. The use of plant parts or organs in traditional hives construction represents 55%, attraction of wild swarms in new beehives is 37.50% and use as a torch or as a smoker, 7.50%. The barks are the organs most used. Trees are botanical type most used. The results are not exhaustive and therefore other additional studies need to be carried out. In order to sustain the use of these important plants, their growing in nursery and their planting in the field are recommended.

Keywords

Beekeeping; Melliferous Plants;Pollinating; Biodiversity; Burkina Faso

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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