Creativity and Education

Robina Shaheen

.

DOI: 10.4236/ce.2010.13026                

Abstract

This paper starts with a brief background of the link between creativity and education, including the beginning of the most recent interest in the two. There is a short summary of the reasons for this renewed interest. This is followed by a discussion into the dissatisfactions over current education and its changing role in the light of increasing importance being accorded to creativity. Lastly, evidence in educational policy documents from around the world is presented to show the steps being taken for implementation of creativity in education.

Keywords

Creativity, Primary Education, Policy, Curriculum, Developing Countries

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	ACARA (2009). The Shape of the national curriculum. Internet Avai- lable:www.acara.edu.au/verve/_resources/The_Shape_of_the_National_Curriculum_paper.pdf
[2]	Boyd, B. (2009). Caught in the headlights: Seeking permission to be cr- eative within the Scottish education system, fostering creativity in learning in Scotland. Internet Available: www.opencreativity.open.a c.uk/assets/pdf/strathclyde/Caught%20in%20the%20headlights.pdf
[3]	Brundrett, M. (2007). Bringing creativity back into primary education. Education 3-13, 35, 105-107.
[4]	Burnard, P. (2006). Reflecting on the creativity agenda in education. Cambridge Journal of Education, 36, 313-318.
[5]	doi:10.1080/ 03057640600865801
[6]	Craft, A. (1999). Creative development in the early years: Some implications of policy for practice. The Curriculum Journal, 10, 135-150.
[7]	Craft, A. (2001). An analysis of research and literature on creativity in education. Qualifications and Curriculum Authority.
[8]	Craft, A. (2003). The limits to creativity in education: Dilemmas for the educator. British Journal of Educational Studies, 51, 113-127. doi:10.1111/1467-8527.t01-1-00229
[9]	Craft, A. (2005). Creativity in schools: Tensions and dilemmas. Keynote paper presented at Creativity; Using it Wisely? part of ESRC creativity in education seminar series, University of Cambridge.
[10]	Craft, A. (2006). Fostering creativity with wisdom. Cambridge Journal of Education, 36, 337-350. doi:10.1080/03057640600865835
[11]	Cropley, A. (2004). Creativity as a social phenomenon. In: M. Fryer, (Ed.), Creativity and Cultural Diversity (pp.13-23). The Creativity Centre Educational Trust Press., England,
[12]	Carnoy, M. (2005) Paper commissioned for the EFA Global Moni- toring Report 2005: The quality imperative, UNESCO.
[13]	Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996). Creativity, flow and the psychology of discovery and invention. New York: Harper Collins.
[14]	DCSF (2003). Excellence and enjoyment: A strategy for primary sc- hools. Internet Available: www.nationalstrategies.standards.dcsf.gov. uk/node/85063
[15]	Davies, D. Creative teachers for creative learners - a literature review. Undated, Internet Available: www.ttrb.ac.uk/attachments/ c30 96c7b -da04-41ef-a7ac-50535306e8fb.pdf.
[16]	Dickhut, J. (2003). A brief review of creativity. Internet Available. www.personalityresearch.org/papers/dickhut.html
[17]	Esquivel, G. (1995). Comment and reflection. Educational Psychology Review, 7, 215-218. doi:10.1007/BF02212496
[18]	Feldman, D., & Benjamin, A. (2006) Creativity and education: An American retrospective. Cambridge Journal of Education, 36, 319-336. doi:10.1080/03057640600865819
[19]	Fryer, M. (2003) Creativity across the curriculum: A review and analysis of programmes designed to develop creativity. QCA, 2003.
[20]	Guilford, J. (1975) Creativity: A quarter century of progress. In: I. Taylor, and J. Getzels (Ed.), Perspectives in Creativity (pp. 37-59). Chicago, IL: Aldine Publishing Company.
[21]	Grainger, T., Barnes, J., & Scoffham, S. (2004) A creative cocktail: Creative teaching in initial teacher education. Journal of Education for Teaching, 30, 243-253. doi:10.1080/0260747042000309475
[22]	Hayes, D. (2004). Understanding creativity and its implications for schools. Improving Schools, 7, 279-286. doi:10.1177/ 136548020- 4048930
[23]	H. Gibson, (2005). What creativity isn’t: The presumptions of instrumental and individual justification for creativity in education. British Journal of Educational Studies, 53, 148-167. doi:10.1111/ j.1467-8527.2005.00288.x
[24]	Hussain, Z. (2004). Synergy of East and West for greater creativity. In: M. Fryer (Ed.), Creativity and Cultural Diversity (pp. 90-97). England: The Creativity Centre Educational Trust Press.
[25]	INCA (2009). Primary education: An international perspective. Internet Available: www.inca.org.uk/pdf/probe_singapore.pdf
[26]	Jeffrey, B. (2005). The redress of creative teaching and learning through specialist programmes and strategic partnerships. Paper given at the creativity in education seminar series. University of the West of England.
[27]	Jeffrey, B. (2006). Creative teaching and learning: Towards a common discourse and practice. Cambridge Journal of Education, 36, 399-414. doi:10.1080/03057640600866015
[28]	Kaila, H. (2005). Democratizing schools across the world to stop killing creativity in children: An Indian perspective. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 18, 1-6. doi:10.1080/09515070500099728
[29]	Loveless (2002). Literature review in creativity, new technologies and learning Internet Available: www.future lab.org.uk/research/lit_revi ews.htm
[30]	MOE (2009). Desired outcomes of education. Internet Available: http:// www.moe.gov.sg/education/desired-outcomes/
[31]	NACCCE, (1999). All our futures: Creativity, culture and education. Internet Available: www.cypni.org.uk/downloads/alloutfutures.pdf
[32]	NCSL (2004). Developing creativity for learning in the primary school: A practical guide for school leaders. Internet Available: ww- w.ncsl.org.uk/media-1d7-d8-developing-creativity-in-the-primary-school.pdf
[33]	NESTA (2009). Barriers to the realisation of creative ideas. National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Art.
[34]	Oral, G. (2006). Creativity of Turkish prospective teachers. Creativity Research Journal, 18, 65-73. doi:10.1207/s15326934crj1801_8
[35]	O’Donnell, S., & Micklethwaite, C. (1999). Arts and creativity in education: An international perspective. Internet Available: www.inca.or g.uk/pdf/1999_creativity_and_arts.pdf
[36]	Parkhurst, H. (1999). Confusion, lack of consensus, and the definition of creativity as a construct. Journal of Creative Behavior, 33, 1-21
[37]	Parnes, S. (1970). Education and creativity. In: P. Vernon (Ed.), Creativity: Selected Readings, Penguin Books (pp. 341-354). Harmondsworth.
[38]	Poole, M. (1980). Creativity across the curriculum. London: George Allen and Unwin.
[39]	QCA (1999). The national curriculum: Handbook for primary teachers in England, key stages 1 and 2, QCA.
[40]	QCDA (2009). National Curriculum, Internet Available: http: //curri clum.qcda.gov.uk/key-stages-1-and-2/Values-aims-and-purposes/index.aspx
[41]	Rogers, C. (1970). Toward a theory of creativity. In: P. Vernon, Ed., Creativity: Selected readings (pp. 137-151), Harmondsworth: Penguin Books,
[42]	Robinson, K. (2001). Unlocking creativity: A strategy for development. Belfast: Department of Culture Arts and Leisure.
[43]	Scoffham, S. (2003). Thinking creatively. Primary Geographer, 50, 4-6.
[44]	Shallcross, D. (1981). Teaching creative behaviour: How to invoke creativity in children of all ages. Prentice-Hall Inc.
[45]	Scottish Executive (2004). Cultural policy statement. Internet Available: www.scotland.gov.uk/culturalcommission/cultural/files/cultural%20policy%20statement.pdf
[46]	Sinlarat, P. (2002). Needs to enhance creativity and productivity in teacher education throughout Asia. Asia Pacific Education Review, 3, 139-143. doi:10.1007/BF03024906
[47]	Tan, C. (2006). Creating thinking schools through knowledge and inquiry: The curriculum challenge for Singapore. The Curriculum Journal, 17, 89-105. doi:10.1080/09585170600682640
[48]	Treffinger, D. (1996) Creativity on the educational scene. Internet Available: http://buffalostate.edu/orgs/cbir/Readingroom/html/Treffinger -96.html
[49]	Turner-Bisset, R. (2007). Performativity by stealth: A critique of recent initiatives on creativity. Education 3-13, 35, 193- 203.
[50]	Talboys, M. (2004). QCA’s creativity project. In: M. Fryer (Ed.), Creativity and Cultural Diversity (pp.181-188). England: The Creativity Centre Educational Trust Press Leeds.
[51]	Vong, K. (2008). Developing creativity and promoting social harmony: The relationship between government, school and parents’ perceptions of children’s creativity in Macao-SAR in China. Early Years, 28, 149-158. doi:10.1080/09575140802065599
[52]	Wilson, A. (2005). Creativity in primary education: Theory and practice (achieving QTS cross-curricular strand). Learning Matters Ltd.
[53]	Walberg, H. (1988). Creativity and talent as learning. In: R. Sternberg, (Ed.), The nature of creativity: Contemporary psychological per- spectives (pp. 340-361). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.