The effect of acculturation in the concordance of oral health related quality of life in Latino children and their parents

Yltze P. Cubas, Maria F. Orellana

Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2013.32016                

Abstract

The Latino population is the fastest growing and the largest minority group in the United States comprising 16% of the population younger than 18 years of age. Yet, little is known about the effect of acculturation in oral health related quality of life in Latino children and their parents. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of acculturation in parent and child’s perceptions of the child’s oral health status and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) as well as the effect in the concordance between children and parents/caregivers. Method: Sixty-three Latino children between the ages of 8 and 15, and their parents were recruited from the waiting room at the University of California, San Francisco Orthodontic and Pediatric Clinics. Parent and children each separately completed the Child Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (COHIP) for children and COHIP for parent/caregiver. Results: Of the sixty-three children, fifteen children (23.8%) had a more negative perception of their oral health than their parents whereas twenty-three children (36.5%) had a more positive perception. In terms of agreement between children and parents, questions about oral health showed the lowest level of agreement (34.9%) and self-image questions the highest (55.6%). Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the more acculturated the child, the more negative their perception of their oral health. The level of disagreement between parent and child, underscores the importance of obtaining both the child and parent OHRQoL perceptions.

Keywords

Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL); Children; Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP); Acculturation; Concordance; Perception

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Leao, A. and Sheiham, A. (1996) The development of a socio-dental measure of dental impacts on daily living. Community Dental Health, 13, 22-26.
[2]	Atchison, K.A. and Dolan, T.A. (1990) Development of the geriatric oral health assessment index. Journal of Dental Education, 54, 680-687.
[3]	Jokovic, A., Locker, D., Stephens, M., Kenny, D., Tompson, B. and Guyatt, G. (2002) Validity and reliability of a questionnaire for measuring child oral-health-related quality of life. Journal of Dental Research, 81, 459-463. doi:10.1177/154405910208100705
[4]	Canning, E.H., Hanser, S.B., Shade, K.A. and Boyce, W.T. (1992) Mental disorders in chronically ill children: Parent-child discrepancy and physician identification. Pediatrics, 90, 692-696.
[5]	Broder, H.L. (2007) Children’s oral health-related quality of life. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 35, 5-7. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.00400.x
[6]	Broder, H.L., McGrath, C. and Cisneros, G.J. (2007) Questionnaire development: Face validity and item impact testing of the child oral health impact profile. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 35, 8-19. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.00401.x
[7]	Broder, H.L. and Wilson-Genderson, M. (2007) Reliability and convergent and discriminant validity of the child oral health impact profile (COHIP child’s version). Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 35, 20-31. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.0002.x
[8]	Jokovic, A., Locker, D. and Guyatt, G. (2005) What do children’s global ratings of oral health and well-being measure? Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 33, 205-211. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2005.00210.x
[9]	Foster Page, L.A., Thomson, W.M., Jokovic, A. and Locker, D. (2005) Validation of the child perceptions questionnaire (CPQ 11-14). Journal of Dental Research, 84, 649-652. doi:10.1177/154405910508400713
[10]	Landrine, H. and Klonoff, E.A. (2004) Culture change and ethnic-minority health behavior: An operant theory of acculturation. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 27, 527- 555. doi:10.1007/s10865-004-0002-0
[11]	Espino, D.V. and Maldonado, D. (1990) Hypertension and acculturation in elderly mexican americans: Results from 1982-84 hispanic HANES. The Journals of Gerontology, 45, M209- M213. doi:10.1093/geronj/45.6.M209
[12]	Gardner, C., Winkleby, M.A. and Viteri, F.E. (1995) Dietary-intake patterns and acculturation levels of hispanic immigrant men—A pilot-study. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 17, 347-361. doi:10.1177/07399863950173005
[13]	Otero-Sabogal, R., Sabogal, F., Perez-Stable, E.J. and Hiatt, R.A. (1995) Dietary practices, alcohol consumption, and smoking behavior: Ethnic, sex, and acculturation differences. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, (18), 73-82.
[14]	Perez-Stable, E.J., Ramirez, A., Villareal, R., et al. (2001) Cigarette smoking behavior among US latino men and women from different countries of origin. American Journal of Public Health, 91, 1424-1430. doi:10.2105/AJPH.91.9.1424
[15]	Legal immigration to California in 2002 Linda Gage, California Department of Finance, Demographic Research Unit. http://search.ca.gov/search?q=cache:WkelT3cBdq4J:www.dof.ca.gov/HTML/DEMOGRAP/ReportsPapers/ImmigrationMigration/Legal-02/documents/2002_INS_Report. pdf&proxystylesheet=xfix&output=xml_no_dtd&client=xfix.
[16]	Watson, M.R. and Brown, L.J. (1995) The oral health of US Hispanics: Evaluating their needs and their use of dental services. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 126, 789-795.
[17]	Grunbaum, J.A., Kann, L., Kinchen, S., Ross, J., Hawkins, J., Lowry, R., et al. (2003) Youth risk behavior surveillance—United States, (Abridged). Journal of School Health, 2004 OCT; 74, 307-324. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2004.tb06620.x
[18]	Flores, G., Fuentes-Afflick, E., Barbot, O., et al. (2002) The health of latino children: Urgent priorities, unanswered questions, and a research agenda. JAMA, 288, 82-90. doi:10.1001/jama.288.1.82
[19]	Theunissen, N.C., Vogels, T.G., Koopman, H.M., et al. (1998) The proxy problem: Child report versus parent report in health-related quality of life research. Quality of Life Research, 7, 387-397. doi:10.1023/A:1008801802877
[20]	Verrips, G.H., Vogels, A.G., den Ouden, A.L., Paneth, N. and Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (2000) Measuring health related quality of life in adolescents: Agreement between raters and between methods of administration. Child: Care, Health and Development, 26, 457-469. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2214.2000.00181.x
[21]	Vogels, T., Verrips, G.H., Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P., et al. (1998) Measuring health-related quality of life in children: The development of the TACQOL parent form. Quality of Life Research, 7, 457-465. doi:10.1023/A:1008848218806
[22]	Sawyer, M., Antoniou, G., Toogood, I. and Rice, M. (1999) A comparison of parent and adolescent reports describing the health-related quality of life of adolescents treated for cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 12, 39-45. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(1999)83:12+<39::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-7
[23]	(2008) Number of immigrants Hits Record 37.5M— Washingtonpost.com. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/12/AR2007091200071.html
[24]	Marin, G., Sabogal, F., Vanoss Marin, B., Otero-Sagobal, R. and Perez-Stable, E. (1987) Development of a Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 9, 183-205. doi:10.1177/07399863870092005
[25]	Barona, A. and Miller, J.A. (1994) Short acculturation scale for Hispanic youth (SASH-Y): A preliminary report. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 16, 155-162. doi:10.1177/07399863940162005
[26]	Yeh, M. and Weisz, J.R. (2001) Why are we here at the clinic? Parent-child (dis)agreement on referral problems at outpatient treatment entry. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 1018-1025. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.69.6.1018
[27]	Riley 3rd, J.L., et al. (2008) Acculturation and orofacial pain among Hispanic adults. Journal of Pain, 9, 750-758. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2008.03.007
[28]	Fung, J.J. and Laus, A.S. (2010) Factors associated with parent-child (dis)agreement on child behaviour and parenting problems in Chinese immigrant families. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 39, 314-327. doi:10.1080/15374411003691693
[29]	Payne, K.W. and Ugarte, C. A. (1989) The Office of Minority Health Resource Center: Impacting on health related disparities among minority population. Health Education, 20, 6-8.
[30]	Beltran-Aguilar, E.D., Barker, L.K., Canto, M.T., Dye, B.A., Gooch, B.F., Griffin, S.O., et al. (2005) Surveillance for dental caries, dental sealants, tooth retention, edentulism, and enamel fluorosis—United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2002. MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 54, 1-43.
[31]	Dubard Annette, C. and Gizlice, Z. (2008) Language spo- ken and differences in health status, access to care, and receipt of preventive services among US Hispanics. American Journal of Public Health, 98, 2021-2028. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.119008