[1]
|
MacFarlane, G.B. and Burchettt, M.D. (2000) Cellular distribution of Cu, Pb, and Zn in the Grey Mangrove Avicemnia marina (Forsk.). Vierh Aquatic Botanica, 68, 45-59.
doi:10.1016/S0304-3770(00)00105-4
|
[2]
|
Duruibe, J.O., Ogwuegbu, M.O.C. and Egwurugwu, J.N. (2007) Heavy metal pollution and human biotoxic effects. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 2, 112-118.
|
[3]
|
Guity, P., Mccabe, M.J., Pitts, D.K., Santini, R.P. and Pounds, J.G. (2002) Protein kinase C does not mediate the inhibitory action of lead on vitamin D3-dependent production of osteocalcin in osteoblastic bone cells. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 178, 109-116.
doi:10.1006/taap.1999.8819
|
[4]
|
Saleh, A.M., Vijayasarathy, C., Masoud, L., Kumar, L., Shahin, A. and Kambal, A. (2003) Paraoxon induces apoptosis in EL4 cells via activation of mitochondrial pathways. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 90, 47-57.
doi:10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00126-1
|
[5]
|
van der Oost, R., Beyer, J. and Vermeulen, N.P.E. (2003) Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: A review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13, 57-149.
doi:10.1016/S1382-6689(02)00126-6
|
[6]
|
Nriagu, J.O. (1988) A silent epidemic of environmental metal poisoning. Environmental Pollution, 50, 139-161.
doi:10.1016/0269-7491(88)90189-3
|
[7]
|
Goyer, R.A. (1993) Lead toxicity: Current concerns. Environmental Health Perspectives, 100, 177-187.
doi:10.1289/ehp.93100177
|
[8]
|
Pirkle, J.L., Brody, D.J., Gunter, E.W., Kramer, R.A., Paschal, D.C. and Flegal, K.M. (1994) The decline in blood lead levels in the United States. Journal of American Medical Association, 272, 284-291.
doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03520040046039
|
[9]
|
Bernard, A.M., Vyskocil, A., Kriz, J., Kodl, M. and Lauwerys, R. (1995) Renal effects of children living in the vicinity of a lead smelter. Environmental Research, 68, 91-95. doi:10.1006/enrs.1995.1012
|
[10]
|
USPHS (1997) Toxicological profile for lead [on CD-ROM]. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, US Public Health Service.
|
[11]
|
Krocova, Z., Macela, A., Kroca, M. and Hernychova, L. (2000) The immunomodulatory effect(s) of lead and cadmium on the cells immune system in vitro. Toxicology in Vitro, 14, 33-40. doi:10.1016/S0887-2333(99)00089-2
|
[12]
|
Razmiafshari, M., Kao, J., d’Avignon, A. and Zawia, N.H. (2001) NMR identification of heavy metal-binding sites in a synthetic zinc finger peptide: Toxicological implications for the interactions of xenobiotic metals with zinc finger proteins. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 172, 1-10. doi:10.1006/taap.2001.9132
|
[13]
|
Collares-Buzato, C.B., Sueur, L.P.L. and Cruz-Hofling, M.A. (2002) Impairment of the cell-to-matrix adhesion and cytotoxicity induced by Bothtops moojeni snake venom in cultured renal tubular epithelia. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 18, 124-132.
doi:10.1006/taap.2002.9404
|
[14]
|
Prozialeck, W.C., Grunwald, G.B., Dey, P.M., Reuhl, K.R. and Parrish, A.R. (2002) Cadherins and NCAM as potential targets in metal toxicity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 182, 255-265. doi:10.1006/taap.2002.9422
|
[15]
|
Zheng, W., Aschmer, M. and Ghersi-Egea, J.M. (2003) Brain barrier systems: A new frontier in metal neurotoxincological research. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 192, 1-11. doi:10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00251-5
|
[16]
|
Hinton, D.E., Lantz, R.C., Hampton, J.A., McCuskey, P.R. and McCuskey, R.S. (1987) Normal versus abnormal structure: Considerations in morphologic responses of teleosts to pollutants. Environmental Health Perspectives, 71, 139-146. doi:10.1289/ehp.8771139
|
[17]
|
Hinton, D.E., Baumann, P.C., Gardner, G.R., Hawkins, W.E., Hendricks, J.D., Murchelano, R.A. and Okihiro, M.S. (1992) Histopathologic biomarkers. In: Huggett, R., Kimerle, R.A., Meherle, P.M. and Bergman, H.L. Eds., Biomarkers—Biochemical, Physiological and Histological Markers of Anthropogenic Stress. A Special Publication of SETAC Lewis Publishers Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, London and Tokyo, 155-212.
|
[18]
|
Hinton, D.E. (1993) Toxicology-histopathology of fishes: A systematic approach and overview. In: Couch, J.A. and Fournie, J.W., Eds., Pathobiology of marine and estuarine organisms, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 177-215.
|
[19]
|
Hinton, D.E. (1994) Cells, cellular responses, and their markers in chronic toxicity of fishes. In: Malins, D.C. and Ostrander, G.K., Eds., Aquatic Toxicology. Molecular, Bio-Chemical and Cellular Perspectives, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, 207-239.
|
[20]
|
Whitfield, A.K. and Elliott, M. (2002) Fishes as indicators of environmental and ecological changes within estuaries: A review of progress and some suggestions for the future. Journal of Fish Biology, 61, 220-250.
doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb01773.x
|
[21]
|
Wendelaar Bonga, S.E. (1997) The stress response of fish. Physiological Reviews, 77, 591-626.
|
[22]
|
Basa, S.P. and Rani, U.A. (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost Oreochromis mossambicus (Tilapia). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 56, 218-221.
doi:10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00028-9
|
[23]
|
Atli, G., Alptekin, O., Tükel, S. and Canli, M. (2006) Response of catalase activity to Ag+, Cd2+, Cr6+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ in five tissues of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C143, 218-224.
|
[24]
|
Atli, G. and Canli, M. (2008) Responses of metallothionein and reduced glutathione in a freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following metal exposures. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 25, 33-38.
doi:10.1016/j.etap.2007.08.007
|
[25]
|
Nagalakshmi, N. (1998) Copper-induced oxidative stress in Scenedesmus bijugatus: Protective role of free radical scavengers. Bulletin of Environment Contamination and Toxicology, 61, 623-628. doi:10.1007/s001289900806
|
[26]
|
Tripathi, B.N. and Gaur, J.P. (2004) Relationship between copper- and zinc-induced oxidative stress and proline accumulation in Scenedesmus sp. Planta Medica, 219, 397-404.
|
[27]
|
Dewez, D., Geoffroy, L., Vernet, G. and Popovic, R. (2005) Determination of photosynthetic and enzymatic biomarkers sensitivity used to evaluate toxic effects of copper and fluid oxonilin alga Scenedesmus obliquus. Aquatic Toxicology, 74, 150-159.
doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.05.007
|
[28]
|
Cao, L., Huang, W., Liu, J., Yin, X. and Dou, S. (2010) Accumulation and oxidative stress biomarkers in Japanese flounder larvae and juveniles under chronic cadmium exposure. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C151, 386-392.
|
[29]
|
Pinto, E., Sigaud-Kutner, T.C.S., Leitao, M.A.S., Okamoto, O.K., Morse, D. and Colepicolo, P. (2003) Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress in algae. Journal of Phycology, 39, 1008-1018.
doi:10.1111/j.0022-3646.2003.02-193.x
|
[30]
|
Tripathi, B.N., Mehta, S.K., Amar, A. and Gaur, J.P. (2006) Oxidative stress in Scenedesmus sp. during short- and long-term exposure to Cu2+ and Zn2. Chemosphere, 62, 538-544. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.06.031
|
[31]
|
Devi, R. and Bannerjee, T.K. (2007) Toxicopathological impact of sub-lethal concentration of lead nitrate on the aerial respiratory organs of “murrel” Channa striata (Bloch, Pisces). Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 4, 249-256.
|
[32]
|
Secombes, C.J. (1990) Isolation of salmoid macrophages and analysis of their killing activity. Techniques in Fish Immunology, 1, 137-155.
|
[33]
|
Claiborne, A. (1985) Catalase activity. In: Greenwald, R.A., Ed., CRC Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 283-284.
|
[34]
|
Marklund, S. and Marklund, G. (1974) Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. European Journal of Biochemistry, 47, 469-474.
doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x
|
[35]
|
Utley, H.C., Bernheim, F. and Hachslein, P. (1967) Effect of sulfhydryl reagent on peroxidation in microsome. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 260, 521-531.
|
[36]
|
Fujiki, K. and Yano, T. (1997) Effect of sodium alginate on the non-specific defense system of the common carp. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 7, 417-427.
doi:10.1006/fsim.1997.0095
|
[37]
|
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, R.J. (1951) Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, 265-275.
|
[38]
|
Ellman, G.L. (1959) Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 82, 70-77.
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(59)90090-6
|
[39]
|
Hermes, L.M. (2004) Oxygen in biology and biochemistry. In: Storey, K.B., Ed., Functional Metabolism: Regulation and adaptation, Wiley-Liss, Inc., New York, 319-368.
|
[40]
|
Varanka, Z., Rojik, I., Nemcsok, J. and ábraham, M. (2001) Biochemical and morphological changes in carp liver following exposure to copper sulfate and tannic acid. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C, 128, 467-478.
|
[41]
|
Winston, G.W. and DiGiulio, R.T. (1991) Prooxidant and antioxidant mechanisms in aquatic organisms. Aquatic Toxicology, 19, 137-161.
doi:10.1016/0166-445X(91)90033-6
|
[42]
|
Lopez-Torrez, M., Perez-Campos, R., Cadenas, S., Rojas, C. and Barja, G. (1993) A comparative study of free radicals in vertebrates-II. Non-enzymatic antioxidants and oxidative stress. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 105, 757-763.
|
[43]
|
Ahmad, I., Hamid, T., Fatima, M., Chand, H.S., Jain, S.K., Athar, M. and Raisuddin, S. (2000) Induction of hepatic antioxidants in freshwater fish (Channa punctatus Bloch) is a biomarker of paper mill effluent exposure. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1523, 37-48.
doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(00)00098-2
|
[44]
|
Scandalios, J.G. (2005) Oxidative stress: Molecular perception and transduction of signals triggering antioxidant gene defences. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 38, 995-1014.
doi:10.1590/S0100-879X2005000700003
|
[45]
|
Dimitrova, M.S.T., Tsinova, V. and Velcheva, V. (1994) Combined effect of zinc and lead on the hepatic superoxide dismutase-catalase system in carp (Cyprinus carpio). Comarative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C, 108, 43-46.
|
[46]
|
Palace, V.P., Mjewski, H.S. and Klaverkamp, J.F. (1992) Interactions among antioxidant defenses in liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) exposed to cadmium. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science, 50, 156-162. doi:10.1139/f93-018
|
[47]
|
Kono, Y. and Fridovich, I. (1982) Superoxide radical inhibits catalase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 257, 5751-5754.
|
[48]
|
Forman, H.J. and Torres, M. (2002) Reactive oxygen species and cell signaling. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 166, 24-28.
doi:10.1164/rccm.2206007
|
[49]
|
DeLeo, F.R. and Quinn, M.T. (1996) Assembly of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase: Molecular interaction of oxidase proteins. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 60, 677-691.
|
[50]
|
Babior, B.M. (1999) NADPH oxidase: An update. Blood, 93, 1464-1476.
|
[51]
|
El Benna, J., Dang, P.M., Gaudry, M., Fay, M., Morel, F., Hakim, J. and Gougerot-Pocidalo, M.A. (1997) Phosphorylation of the respiratory burst oxidase subunit p67 during human neutrophil activation: Regulation by protein kinase C-dependent and independent pathways. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272, 17204-17208.
doi:10.1074/jbc.272.27.17204
|
[52]
|
Baggiolini, M. (1984) Phagocytes use oxygen to kill bacteria. Experientia, 40, 906-909. doi:10.1007/BF01946438
|
[53]
|
Secombes, C.J. and Fletcher, T.C. (1992) The role of phagocytes in the protective mechanisms of fish. Annual Review of Fish Diseases, 2, 51-71.
doi:10.1016/0959-8030(92)90056-4
|
[54]
|
Pandey, S., Parvez, S., Ansari, R.A., Ali, M., Kaur, M., Hayat, F., Ahmad, F. and Raisuddin, S. (2008) Effects of exposure to multiple trace metals on biochemical, histological and ultrastructural features of gills of a freshwater fish, Channa punctata Bloch. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 174, 183-192. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.05.014
|
[55]
|
Jastrz?bska, E.B. (2010) The effect of aquatic cadmium and lead pollution on lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in freshwater fish. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 19, 1139-1150.
|
[56]
|
Rome′o, M., Bennani, N., Gnassia-Barelli, M., Lafaurie, M. and Girard, J.P. (2000) Cadmium and copper display different responses towards oxidative stress in the kidney of the sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Aquatic Toxicology, 48, 185-194. doi:10.1016/S0166-445X(99)00039-9
|
[57]
|
Lackner, R. (1998) Oxidative stress in fish by environmental pollutants. In: Braunbeck, T., Hinton, D.E. and Streit, B., Eds., Fish Ecotoxicology, Birkhause Verlag, Basel, 203-224. doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8853-0_6
|
[58]
|
Ahmad, I., Pacheco, M. and Santos, M.A. (2004) Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants as an adaptation to phagocyte-induced damage in Anguilla anguilla L. following in situ harbor water exposure. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 57, 290-302.
doi:10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00080-0
|
[59]
|
Ahmad, I., Oliveira, M., Pacheco, M. and Santos, M.A. (2005) Anguilla anguilla L. oxidative stress biomarkers responses to copper exposure with or without β-naphthoflavone pre-exposure. Chemosphere, 61, 267-275.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.01.069
|
[60]
|
Santos, M.A., Pacheco, M. and Ahmad, I. (2004) Anguilla anguilla L. antioxidants responses to in situ bleached kraft pulp mill effluent outlet exposure. Environment International, 30, 301-308.
doi:10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00178-8
|
[61]
|
Elferink, J.G.R. (1987) Mode of activation of the metabolic burst in polymorphonuclear leukocytes by calcium oxalate crystals. Agents Actions, 22, 295-301.
doi:10.1007/BF02009059
|
[62]
|
Stegeman, J.J., Brouwer, M., Digiulio, R.T., Forlin, L., Fowler, B.A., Sanders, B.M. and Vanveld, P.A. (1992) Molecular responses to environmental contamination— enzyme and protein systems as indicators of chemical-exposure and effect. In: Huggett, R.J., Kimerle, R.A., Mehrle, P.M. and Bergman, H.L., Eds., Biomarkers Biochemical, Physiological, and Histological Markers of Anthropogenic Stress, Lewis Publishers, Inc., Boca Raton, 235-335.
|
[63]
|
Viarengo,A. and Nott, J.A. (1993) Mechanisms of heavy metal cation homeostasis in marine invertebrates. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 104C, 355-372.
|
[64]
|
Paskerová, H., Hilscherová, K. and Bláha, L. (2012) Oxidative stress and detoxification biomarker responses in aquatic freshwater vertebrates exposed to microcystins and cyanobacterial biomass. Environment and Science Pollution Research, 19, 2024-2037.
doi:10.1007/s11356-012-0960-7
|
[65]
|
Sreejai, R. and Jaya, D.S. (2010) Studies on the changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in fishes exposed to hydrogen sulfide. Toxicology International, 17, 71-77.
doi:10.4103/0971-6580.72674
|
[66]
|
Sandhir, R., Julka, D. and Gill, K.D. (1994) Lipoperoxidative damage on lead exposure in rat brain and its implications on membrane bound enzymes. Pharmacology and Toxicology, 74, 66-71.
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1994.tb01077.x
|
[67]
|
Yousuf, M. H. A. and El-Shahawi, A. (1999) Trace metals in lethrinus lentjan fish from Arabian gulf: Metal accumulation in kidney and heart tissues. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 62, 293-300.
doi:10.1007/s001289900873
|
[68]
|
Vinodhini, R. and Narayanan, M. (2008) Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish Cyprinus carpio (Common carp). International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 5, 179-182.
|