Presence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Streptococcus suis, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus parasuis and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in upper respiratory tract of swine in farms from Aguascalientes, Mexico

Abraham Loera-Muro, Francisco J. Avelar-González, Víctor M. Loera-Muro, Mario Jacques, Alma L. Guerrero-Barrera

Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.
Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Canada.
Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.

DOI: 10.4236/ojas.2013.32020                

Abstract

Respiratory diseases are one of the most important health problems in pig herds. The porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is the term used to describe pneumonic diseases caused by multiple infectious agents that provoke weight loss in animals or death. In the PRDC multiple pathogens (bacteria and/or viruses) work in combination to induce this respiratory disease. Within this complex, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Streptococcus suis, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus parasuis and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae are the main bacterial pathogens involved in great economic losses to the swine industry. The aim of this work was to estimate the presence of A. pleuropneumoniae, S. suis, P. multocida, B. bronchiseptica, H. parasuis and M. hyopneumoniae in the upper respiratory tract of pigs in representative swine farms inAguascalientes,Mexico, using PCR technique. The study was performed in 14 swine farms. We obtained a total of 212 nasal swabs. Near 20% of samples were positive for A. pleuropneumoniae (located in the 79% of farms); 17% were positive for S. suis (in 86% of farms), of these, 3% were S. suis serovar 2; 30% were positive for H. parasuis (93% of farms); 23% of the samples to P. multocida (in 79% of farms); and 19% to M. hyopneumoniae (in 64% of farms). B. bronchiseptica was not detected in this study. The results obtained show that bacterial pathogens of PRDC were present in the upper respiratory tract of pigs in all farms studied; therefore, these pathogens are widely disseminated in pig farms of Aguascalientes, Mexico.

Keywords

Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Streptococcus suis; Pasteurella multocida; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Haemophilus parasuis; Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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