Short communication: Supplementing with vitamin E may alter the fibrinolytic capacity of cattle

Abstract

Vitamin E supplementation has been reported to decrease the incidence of cystic ovarian disease (COD) and retained placenta (RP) in cattle however the mechanism of action is not known. In humans, vitamin E supplementation twofold the daily requirements decreases plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity. As proteolysis may be involved in both COD and RP, vitamin E may be reducing these disorders in cattle through its effects on PAI-1. To evaluate the effects of vitamin E on plasma PAI-1 activity in cattle, six non-lactating beef cows (n = 3 per treatment) were injected with 0 (Control) or 2750 IU of vitamin E (Vitamin E) IM once every four days for 24 days (Day 0 = first day of treatment). Blood samples were collected every two days for 28 days starting on Day 0 and plasma PAI-1 and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) concentrations and activities were determined. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed due to vitamin E supplementation in plasma PAI-1 and tPA concentrations and activities or concentrations and activities adjusted relative to the Day 0 value for each cow. Day of treatment was a significant effect in all tPA measurements. The ratio of adjusted PAI-1 to tPA concentrations did not differ (P > 0.05) due to vitamin E supplementation however the ratio of PAI-1 to tPA activity tended to be greater (P = 0.097) in Control compared to Vitamin E cows (1.0 ± 0.1 and 0.7 ± 0.1, respectively). These data suggest vitamin E supplementation may contribute to the reduced incidence of COD and RP in cattle by shifting the ratio of plasma PAI-1 to tPA activity to a state favoring proteolysis.

Share and Cite:

McNeel, A. and Menino Jr., A. (2013) Short communication: Supplementing with vitamin E may alter the fibrinolytic capacity of cattle. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 3, 114-120. doi: 10.4236/ojas.2013.32017.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] Harrison, J.H., Hancock, D.D. and Conrad, H.R. (1984) Vitamin E and selenium for reproduction of the dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Science, 67, 123-132. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(84)81275-8
[2] Bourne, N., Laven, R., Wathes, D.C., Martinez, T. and McGowan, M. (2007) A meta-analysis of the effects of vitamin E supplementation on the incidence of retained foetal membranes in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 67, 494-501. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.08.015
[3] Peter, A.T., Levine, H., Drost, M. and Bergfelt, D.R. (2009) Compilation of classical and contemporary terminology used to describe morphological aspects of ovarian dynamics in cattle. Theriogenology, 71, 1343-1357. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.12.026
[4] Gümen, A. and Wiltbank, M.C. (2002) An alteration in the hypothalamic action of estradiol due to lack of progesterone exposure can cause follicular cysts in cattle. Biology of Reproduction, 66, 1689-1695. doi:10.1095/biolreprod66.6.1689
[5] Robinson, R.S., Hunter, M.G. and Mann, G.E. (2006) Suprabasal progesterone concentrations during the follicular phase are associated with development of cystic follicles in dairy cows. Veterinary Journal, 172, 340-346. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.04.004
[6] Oral, B., Mermi, B., Dilek, M., Alanoglu, G. and SütÇü, R. (2009) Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and other hemostatic parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecological Endocrinology, 25,110116. doi:10.1080/09513590802549874
[7] Tarkun, I., Cantürk, Z., Arslan, B.C., Türemen, E. and Tarkun, P. (2004) The plasminogen activator system in young and lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine Journal, 51, 467-472. doi:10.1507/endocrj.51.467
[8] Olson, S.T., Swanson, R., Day, D., Verhamme, I., Kvassman, J. and Shore, J.D. (2001) Resolution of Michaelis complex, acylation, and conformational change steps in the reactions of the serpin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, with tissue plasminogen activator and trypsin. Biochemistry, 40, 11742-11756. doi:10.1021/bi0107290
[9] Ny, T., Wahlberg, P. and Brändström, I.J. (2002) Matrix remodeling in the ovary: Regulation and functional role of the plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinase systems. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 187, 29-38. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(01)00711-0
[10] LeBlanc, S.J., Herdt, T.H., Seymour, W.M., Duffield, T.F. and Leslie, K.E. (2004) Peripartum serum vitamin E, retinol, and beta-carotene in dairy cattle and their associations with disease. Journal of Dairy Science, 87, 609-619. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73203-8
[11] Walter, I. and Boos, A. (2001) Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor-2 of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-2) in the placenta and interplacental uterine wall in normal cows and in cattle with retention of fetal membranes. Placenta, 22, 473-483. doi:10.1053/plac.2001.0633
[12] Maj, J.G. and Kankofer, M. (1997) Activity of 72-kDa and 92-kDa matrix metalloproteinases in placental tissues of cows with and without retained fetal membranes. Placenta, 18, 683-687. doi:10.1016/S0143-4004(97)90010-2
[13] Devaraj, S., Chan Jr., A.V. and Jialal, I. (2002) α-Tocopherol supplementation decreases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and P-selectin levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care, 25, 524-529. doi:10.2337/diacare.25.3.524
[14] Hintze, J. (2000) NCSS 2000. NCSS, LLC, Kaysville.
[15] Suzuki, K. (2008) The multi-functional serpin, protein C inhibitor: Beyond thrombosis and hemostasis. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 6, 2017-2026. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03181.x
[16] Nielsen, V.G., Crow, J.P., Zhou, F. and Parks, D.A. (2004) Peroxynitrate inactivates tissue plasminogen activator. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 98, 1312-1317. doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000111105.38836.F6
[17] Nowak, P., Kolodziejczyk, J. and Wachowicz, B. (2004) Peroxynitrate and fibrinolytic system: The effect of peroxynitrate on plasmin activity. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 267, 141-146. doi:10.1023/B:MCBI.0000049370.23457.10
[18] Eriksson, P., Kallin, B., van ’t Hooft, F.M., Båvenholm, P. and Hamsten, A. (1995) Allele-specific increase in basal transcription of the plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 gene is associated with myo-cardial infarction. Proceedings of National Academies of Sciences USA, 92, 18511855. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.6.1851
[19] Jern, C., Selin, L. and Jern, S. (1994) In vivo release of tissue-type plasminogen activator across the human forearm during mental stress. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 72, 285-291.
[20] Thafvelin, B. and Oksansen, H.E. (1966) Vitamin E and linolenic acid content of hay as related to different drying conditions. Journal of Dairy Science, 49, 282-286. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(66)87850-5
[21] Lynch, G.P. (1983) Changes of tocopherols in blood serum of cows fed hay or silage. Journal of Dairy Science, 66, 1461-1465. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(83)81960-2
[22] Calderón, F., Chauveau-Duriot, B., Martin, B., Graulet, B., Doreau, M. and Nozière, P. (2007) Variations in carotenoids, vitamins A and E, and color in cow’s plasma and milk during late pregnancy and the first three months of lactation. Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 2335-2346. doi:10.3168/jds.2006-630
[23] LeBlanc, S.J., Duffield, T.F., Leslie, K.E., Bateman, K.G., TenHag, J., Walton, J.S. and Johnson, W.H. (2002) The effect of prepartum injection of vitamin E on health in transition dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 14161426. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74209-4
[24] Vignini, A., Nanetti, L., Moroni, C., Testa, R., Sirolla, C., Marra, M., Manfrini, S., Fumelli, D., Marcheselli, F., Mazzanti, L. and Rabini, R.A. (2008) A study on the action of vitamin E supplementation on plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and platelet nitric oxide production in type 2 diabetic patients. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, 18, 15-22. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2007.01.002
[25] Korbut, R., Marcinkiewicz, E., Cieslik, K. and Gryglewski, R.J. (1995) The effect of nitric oxide donors on the release of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) from rabbit platelets in vitro. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 46, 37-44.
[26] Giannarelli, C., De Negri, F., Virdis, A., Ghiadoni, L., Cipriano, A., Magagna, A., Taddei, S. and Salvetti, A. (2007) Nitric oxide modulates tissue plasminogen activator release in normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients. Hypertension, 49, 878-884. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000260471.16113.d8
[27] Devin, J.K., Johnson, J.E., Eren, M., Gleaves, L.A., Bradham, W.S., Bloodworth Jr., J.R. and Vaughan, D.E. (2007) Transgenic overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promotes the development of polycystic ovarian changes in female mice. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 39, 9-16. doi:10.1677/JME-06-0057
[28] Martin, D. and Conrad, K.P. (2000) Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by extravillous trophoblast cells in the human placenta. Placenta, 21, 23-31. doi:10.1053/plac.1999.0428
[29] Marcet-Palacios, M., Ulanova, M., Duta, F., Puttagunta, L., Munoz, S., Gibbings, D., Radomski, M., Cameron, L., Mayers, I. and Befus, A.D. (2007) The transcription factor Wilms tumor 1 regulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 through a nitric oxide-mediated pathway. Journal of Immunology, 179, 256-265.
[30] Novaro, V., Colman-Lerner, A., Ortega, F.V., Jawerbaum, A., Paz, D., Lo Nostro, F., Pustovrh, C., Gimeno, M.F. and González, E. (2001) Regulation of metalloproteinases by nitric oxide in human trophoblast cells in culture. Reproduction Fertility and Development, 13, 411-420. doi:10.1071/RD01036
[31] Zhang, X., Wang, H.M., Lin, H.Y., Liu, G.Y., Li, Q.L. and Zhu, C. (2004) Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPS) and their inhibitors (TIMPS) during mouse periimplantation: Role of nitric oxide. Placenta, 25, 243252. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2003.08.014
[32] Sharpe, K.L., Eiler, H. and Hopkins, F.M. (1990) Changes in the proportion of type I and type III collagen in the developing and retained bovine placentome. Biology of Reproduction, 43, 229-235. doi:10.1095/biolreprod43.2.229

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.