[1]
|
Agarwal, S., Baran, C., Piesco, N.P., et al. (1995) Synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines by human gingival fibroblasts in response to lipopolysaccha rides and interleukin-1 beta. Journal of Periodontal Research, 30, 382- 389. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01291.x
|
[2]
|
Lekic, P. and McCulloch, C.A. (1996) Periodontal ligament cell population: The central role of fibroblasts in creating a unique tissue. Anatomical Record, 245, 327- 341.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199606)245:2<327::AID-AR15>3.3.CO;2-6
|
[3]
|
Hou, L.T. and Yaeger, J.A. (1993) Cloning and characterization of human gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Journal of Periodontology, 64, 1209-1218.
doi:10.1902/jop.1993.64.12.1209
|
[4]
|
Wada, N., Maeda, H., Tanabe, K., et al. (2001) Periodontal ligament cells secrete the factor that inhibits osteoclastic differentiation and function: The factor is osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor. Journal of Periodontal Research, 36, 56-63.
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.00604.x
|
[5]
|
Kanzaki, H., Chiba, M., Shimizu, Y., et al. (2001) Dual regulation of osteoclast differentiation by periodontal ligament cells through RANKL stimulation and OPG inhibition. Journal of Dental Research, 80, 887-891.
doi:10.1177/00220345010800030801
|
[6]
|
Simonet, W.S., Lacey, D.L., Dunstan, C.R., et al. (1997) Osteoprotegerin: A novel secreted protein involved in the regulation of bone density. Cell, 89, 309-319.
doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80209-3
|
[7]
|
Yasuda, H., Shima, N., Nakagawa, N., et al. (1998) Osteoclast differentiation factor is a ligand for osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor and is identical to TRANCE/RANKL. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 95, 3597-3602. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.7.3597
|
[8]
|
Lacey, D.L., Timms, E., Tan, H.L., et al. (1998) Osteoprotegerin ligand is a cytokine that regulates osteoclast differentiation and activation. Cell, 93, 165-176.
doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81569-X
|
[9]
|
Yasuda, H., Shima, N., Nakagawa, N., et al. (1998) Identity of osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OCIF) and osteoprotegerin (OPG): A mechanism by which OPG/ OCIF inhibits osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Endocrinology, 139, 1329-1337. doi:10.1210/en.139.3.1329
|
[10]
|
Squitieri, F., Cannella, M., Sgarbi, G., et al. (2006) Severe ultrastructural mitochondrial changes in lymphoblasts homozygous for Huntington disease mutation. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 127, 217-220.
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2005.09.010
|
[11]
|
Klein, T.W., Newton, C., Larsen, K., et al. (2003) The cannabinoid system and immune modulation. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 74, 486-496. doi:10.1189/jlb.0303101
|
[12]
|
Klein, T.W., Friedman, H. and Specter, S. (1998) Marijuana, immunity and infection. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 83, 102-115.
doi:10.1016/S0165-5728(97)00226-9
|
[13]
|
Klein, T.W. (2005) Cannabinoid-based drugs as anti- inflammatory therapeutics. Nature Reviews Immunology, 5, 400-401. doi:10.1038/nri1602
|
[14]
|
Cabral, G.A. and Griffin-Thomas, L. (2009) Emerging role of the cannabinoid receptor CB2 in immune regulation: Therapeutic prospects for neuroinflammation. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, 11, e3.
doi:10.1017/S1462399409000957
|
[15]
|
Bab, I. (2005) The skeleton: Stone bones and stoned heads? In: Mechoulam, R., Ed., Cannabinoids as Therapeutics. Milestones in Drug Therapy Series. Birkh?user, Basel, 201-206. doi:10.1007/3-7643-7358-X_11
|
[16]
|
Ofek, O., Karsak, M., Leclerc, N., et al. (2006) Peripheral cannabinoid receptor, CB2, regulates bone mass. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 103, 696-701.
doi:10.1073/pnas.0504187103
|
[17]
|
Scutt, A. and Williamson, E.M. (2007) Cannabinoids stimulate fibroblastic colony formation by bone marrow cells indirectly via CB2 receptors. Calcified Tissue International, 80, 50-59. doi:10.1007/s00223-006-0171-7
|
[18]
|
Qian, H., Zhao, Y., Peng, Y., et al. (2010) Activation of cannabinoid receptor CB2 regulates osteogenic and osteoclastogenic gene expression in human periodontal ligament cells. Journal of Periodontal Research, 45, 504- 511.
|
[19]
|
Giannopoulou, C. and Cimasoni, G. (1996) Functional characteristics of gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Journal of Dental Research, 75, 895-902.
doi:10.1177/00220345960750030601
|
[20]
|
Ivanovski, S., Li, H., Haase, H.R., et al. (2001) Expression of bone associated macromolecules by gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Journal of Periodontal Research, 36, 131-141.
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.360301.x
|
[21]
|
Somerman, M.J., Archer, S.Y., Imm, G.R., et al. (1988) A comparative study of human periodontal ligament cells and gingival fibroblasts in vitro. Journal of Dental Research, 67, 66-70. doi:10.1177/00220345880670011301
|
[22]
|
Almasri, A., Wisithphrom, K., Windsor, L.J., et al. (2007) Nicotine and lipopolysaccharide affect cytokine expression from gingival fibroblasts. Journal of Periodontology, 78, 533-541. doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060296
|
[23]
|
J?nsson, D., Nebel, D., Bratthall, G., et al. (2008) LPS- induced MCP-1 and IL-6 production is not reversed by oestrogen in human periodontal ligament cells. Archives of Oral Bi-ology, 53, 896-902.
doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.05.001
|
[24]
|
Palmqvist, P., Lundberg, P., Lundgren, I., et al. (2008) IL-1beta and TNF-alpha regulate IL-6-type cytokines in gingival fibroblasts. Journal of Dental Research, 87, 558- 563. doi:10.1177/154405910808700614
|
[25]
|
Nakajima, Y., Furuichi, Y., Biswas, K.K., et al. (2006) Endocannabinoid, anandamide in gingival tissue regulates the periodontal inflammation through NF-kappaB pathway inhibition. FEBS Letters, 580, 613-619.
doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.02.046
|
[26]
|
Kozono, S., Matsuyama, T., Biwasa, K.K., et al. (2010) Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in periodontal healing. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 394, 928-933.
doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.03.080
|
[27]
|
Hanus, L., Breuer, A., Tchilibon, S., et al. (1999) HU-308: A specific agonist for CB (2), a peripheral cannabinoid receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 96, 14228-14233.
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.25.14228
|
[28]
|
Rizzo, A., Paolillo, R., Guida, L., et al. (2010) Effect of metronidazole and modulation of cytokine production on human periodontal ligament cells. International Immunopharmacology, 10, 744-750.
doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2010.04.004
|
[29]
|
Jeong, G.S., Lee, S.H., Jeong, S.N., et al. (2009) Anti-inflammatory effects of apigenin on nicotine- and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells via heme oxygenase-1. International Immunopharmacology, 9, 1374-1380.
doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2009.08.015
|
[30]
|
Chiang, C.Y., Kyritsis, G., Graves, D.T., et al. (1999) Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor activities partially account for calvarial bone resorption induced by local injection of lipopolysaccharide. Infection and Immunity, 67, 4231-4236.
|
[31]
|
Gemmell, E., Marshall, R.I. and Seymour, G.J. (1997) Cytokines and prostaglandins in immune homeostasis and tissue destruction in periodontal disease. Periodontology, 14, 112-143. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.1997.tb00194.x
|
[32]
|
Gamonal, J., Acevedo, A., Bascones, A., et al. (2000) Levels of interleukin-1 beta, -8, and -10 and RANTES in gingival crevicular fluid and cell populations in adult periodontitis patients and the effect of periodontal treatment. Journal of Periodontology, 71, 1535-1545.
doi:10.1902/jop.2000.71.10.1535
|
[33]
|
Roberts, F.A., Hockett Jr., R.D, Bucy, R.P., et al. (1997) Quantitative assessment of inflammatory cytokine gene expression in chronic adult periodontitis. Oral Microbiology and Immunology, 12, 336-344.
doi:10.1111/j.1399-302X.1997.tb00735.x
|
[34]
|
Holt, S.C., Kesavalu, L., Walker, S., et al. (1999) Virulence factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Periodontology, 20, 168-238.
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.1999.tb00162.x
|
[35]
|
Napimoga, M.H., Benatti, B.B., Lima, F.O., et al. (2009) Cannabidiol decreases bone resorption by inhibiting RANK/RANKL expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines during experimental periodontitis in rats. International Immunopharmacology, 9, 216-222.
doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2008.11.010
|
[36]
|
Ossola, C.A., Surkin, P.N., Pugnaloni, A., et al. (2012) Long-term treatment with methanandamide attenuates LPS-induced periodontitis in rats. Inflammation Research, 61, 941-948. doi:10.1007/s00011-012-0485-z
|
[37]
|
Hofbauer, L.C., Khosla, S., Dunstan, C.R., et al. (2000) The roles of osteoprotegerin and osteoprotegerin ligand in the paracrine regulation of bone resorption. Journal of Bone and Min-eral Research, 15, 2-12.
doi:10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.1.2
|
[38]
|
Crotti, T., Smith, M.D., Hirsch, R., et al. (2003) Receptor activator NF kappaB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein expression in periodontitis. Journal of Periodontal Research, 38, 380-387.
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.00615.x
|
[39]
|
Fukushima, H., Kajiya, H., Takada, K., et al. (2003) Expression and role of RANKL in periodontal ligament cells during physiological root-resorption in human deciduous teeth. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 11, 346-352. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0722.2003.00051.x
|
[40]
|
Liu, D., Xu, J.K., Figliomeni, L., et al. (2003) Expression of RANKL and OPG mRNA in periodontal disease: Possible involvement in bone destruction. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 11, 17-21.
|
[41]
|
Han, X., Kawai, T. and Taubman, M.A. (2007) Interference with immune-cell-mediated bone resorption inperiodontal disease. Journal of Periodontology, 45, 76-94.
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2007.00215.x
|
[42]
|
Jin, Q., Ci-relli, J.A., Park, C.H., et al. (2007) RANKL inhibition through osteoprotegerin blocks bone loss in experimental periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology, 78, 1300-1308. doi:10.1902/jop.2007.070073
|
[43]
|
Krajewski, A.C., Biessei, J., Kunze, M., et al. (2009) Influence of lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-6 on RANKL and OPG expression and release in human periodontal ligament cells. Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica, 117, 746-754.
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02532.x
|
[44]
|
Shu, L., Guan, S.M., Fu, S.M., et al. (2008) Estrogen modulates cytokine expression in human periodontal ligament cells. Journal of Dental Research, 87, 142-147.
doi:10.1177/154405910808700214
|