Alpha-synuclein truncation and disease

Abstract

Alpha-synuclein is the major component of Lewy bodies, insoluble protein aggregates, found in patients with Parkinson’s disease, diffuse Lewy body disease, and the Lewy body variant of Alzheimer’s disease. Alpha-synuclein has been found within Lewy bodies to contain many different modifications, including nitration, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and truncation. C-terminally truncated forms of alpha-synuclein aggregate faster than the full-length protein in vitro, and are thus believed to play a role in Lewy body formation and disease progression. Pathological studies of post mortem brain tissue and the generation of transgenic mouse models further support a role of C-terminally truncated forms of alpha-synuclein in disease. Several enzymes, some of which function extracellularly, have been implicated in the production of these C-terminally truncated forms of alpha-synuclein. However, the enzymes responsible for alphasynuclein truncation in vivo have not yet been firmly established.

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Ritchie, C. and Thomas, P. (2012) Alpha-synuclein truncation and disease. Health, 4, 1167-1177. doi: 10.4236/health.2012.431175.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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