The taxation system, as a key external factor directly related to the survival and development of the banking industry, has become the focus of theoretical research on the classification of finance and monetary. This paper takes the tax burden of the banking industry as the research object. The theoretical part combines the research status at home and abroad. Through a series of cross-country and cross-time comparative analysis, also supplemented by the mathematical model of empirical analysis, the fact that current banking industry is over-taxed comparatively has been scientifically and powerfully demonstrated. The fact is that the tax burden is relatively heavy. The empirical part focuses on the research and tests the factors that cause the tax burden and the related tax system to be biased, and from the above-mentioned influencing factors, to achieve targeted policy for the reform of China’s banking tax system. At the end of this paper, policy suggestions are provided for the above conclusions.