Author(s)

Florient Jile Mimiesse^1,2, Clausina Ahoui-Apendi^1,2, Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo^1,2, Ursula Ingride Koukha¹, Lucie Charlotte Atipo Ibara Ollandzobo^1,3, Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo^1,2, Marlyse Ngalessami-Mouakosso², Céline Adoua², Jean Bruno Mokoko¹, Rody Stéphane Ngami², Deby-Gassaye  ^1,2, Eric Rutaganda^4,5, Blaise Irénée Atipo Ibara^1,2, Ibara Jean-Rosaire^1,2

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo.
²Gastroenterolgy service University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
³Infant pediatric service University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
⁴Medical Depertment, University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda.
⁵College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a public health problem of concern. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is associated with multiple side effects. This study aimed at identifying the different hepatic manifestations of antiretroviral therapy and the responsible molecules. Patients and Methods: This was an eight months period prospective descriptive study, from January 1st to August 31st, 2015, conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine at the Brazzaville University Teaching Hospital. Study participants were treatment-naïve HIV patients who were initiated on ART treatment during the study period. Patients with liver disease, liver cytolysis prior to initiation of therapy, and those with alternative therapy that may cause hepatotoxicity were excluded. The sample size was 110 patients. Results: The age was ranging from 25 to 70 years with a mean age of 47.5 ± 7.5 years. During the six months of follow-up, the alarming hepatic signs were observed in 26.36% of cases (n = 29) in the 3rd month of treatment. There was no observed alarming sign in the 6th month of follow-up. The cytolytic pattern was observed in 54.55% of cases (n = 60) in the 3rd month. The cholestatic pattern was observed in 6.36% of cases (n = 7) in the 3rd month. Triple therapy combination of Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine (AZT + 3TC + NVP) was the most used in 57.27% (n = 63) with a statistically significant p value to the occurrence of cytolytic pattern (p < 0.03) in the 3rd month of treatment. Conclusion: Drug induced liver toxicity occurs in a significant number of patients starting ART. The prevalence of hepatic events was high at the third month of treatment and the triple therapy of Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine (AZT + 3TC + NVP) was the most incriminated.

Drug Induced Liver Toxicity, HIV, Anti-Retroviral Therapy, Brazzaville

Mimiesse, F. , Ahoui-Apendi, C. , Itoua-Ngaporo, N. , Koukha, U. , Ollandzobo, L. , Mongo-Onkouo, A. , Ngalessami-Mouakosso, M. , Adoua, C. , Mokoko, J. , Ngami, R. ,  , D. , Rutaganda, E. , Ibara, B. and Jean-Rosaire, I. (2019) Antiretroviral Therpay Induced Liver Toxicity among Immunecompromised HIV Patients at Chu Brazzaville. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 9, 135-140. doi: 10.4236/ojgas.2019.98016.