The Primary Motor Cortex Stimulation Attenuates Cold Allodynia in a Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Condition in Rattus norvegicus - World Journal of Neuroscience

WJNS > Vol.9 No.3, August 2019

The Primary Motor Cortex Stimulation Attenuates Cold Allodynia in a Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Condition in Rattus norvegicus ()

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DOI: 10.4236/wjns.2019.93009 1,132 Downloads 2,577 Views Citations

Author(s)

Priscila Medeiros^1,2*, Sylmara Esther Negrini-Ferrari^1*, Ana Carolina Medeiros^1,2*, Lais Leite Ferreira^3,4,5, Josie Resende Torres da Silva^4,5, José Aparecido da Silva^6,7, Norberto Cysne Coimbra^2,8, Renato Leonardo de Freitas^1,2,3,5,8

Affiliation(s)

¹Neurosciences aboratory of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Centre of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
²Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil.
³Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil.
⁴Motricity Sciences Institute, UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
⁵Post-Graduate Program of Biosciences Applied to Health (PPGB), UNIFAL, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
⁶Department of Psychology, Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of the University of São Paulo FFCLRP-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
⁷Department of Psychology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF-MG), Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil.
⁸Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil.

ABSTRACT

Background: The primary motor cortex (M₁) stimulation (MCS) is a useful tool for attenuation of the peripheral neuropathic pain in patients with pharmacologically refractory pain. Furthermore, that neurological procedure may also cause antinociception in rodents with neuropathic pain. Cold allodynia is a frequent clinical finding in patients with neuropathic pain, then, we evaluated if an adapted model of neuropathy induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the ischiadicus nervus (sciatic nerve) produces cold allodynia in an animal model of chronic pain. In addition, we also investigated the effect of the electrical stimulation of the M₁ on chronic neuropathic pain condition in laboratory animals. Methods: Male Wistar rats were used. An adapted model of peripheral mononeuropathy induced by CCI was carried out by placing a single loose ligature around the right sciatic nerve. The acetone test was used to evaluate the cold allodynia in CCI or Sham (without ligature) rats. The MCS (M₁) was performed at low-frequency (20 μA, 100 Hz) during 15 s by deep brain stimulation (DBS-Thomas Recording device) 21 days after CCI or Sham procedures. The cold allodynia was measured before and immediately after the neurostimulation of M₁ in the following time-window: 0, 15 and 30 min after MCS. Results: Cold allodynia threshold increased in animals with chronic neuropathic pain submitted to the acetone test 21 days after the CCI surgery. The M₁-stimulation by DBS procedure decreased the cold allodynia immediately and until 30 min after M₁-stimulation in rats with chronic neuropathic pain. Conclusion: The current proposal for a CCI model by a single loose ligature of the sciatic nerve can be employed as an experimental model of chronic neuropathic pain in rats submitted to peripheral nervous system injury. The M₁-stimulation produced antinociception in rats with chronic neuropathic pain. Thus, we reinforced that the MCS decreases cold allodynia in laboratory animals submitted to persistent sciatic nerve constriction and can be a more reasonable procedure for the treatment of chronic intractable neuropathic pain.

KEYWORDS

Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, Chronic Pain, Sciatic Nerve, Chronic Constriction Injury, Cold Allodynia, Primary Motor Cortex Stimulation, Antinociception

Share and Cite:

Medeiros, P. , Negrini-Ferrari, S. , Medeiros, A. , Ferreira, L. , da Silva, J. , da Silva, J. , Coimbra, N. and de Freitas, R. (2019) The Primary Motor Cortex Stimulation Attenuates Cold Allodynia in a Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Condition in Rattus norvegicus. World Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 138-152. doi: 10.4236/wjns.2019.93009.

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