ABSTRACT
This study aimed determine the
activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Origanum vulgare against some viruses of veterinary importance
(bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), equine arteritis virus (EAV), equine
influenza virus (EIV), feline calicivirus (FCV), canine distemper virus (CDV),
canine adenovirus (CAV), and canine cororavirus (CCoV) by evaluating the
possibility of inhibition of viral particles production. The aqueous extract
from 1600 μg/mL did not show cytotoxicity for all cellular lineages evaluated,
Madin Darby bovine kidney cells (MDBK), Rabbit kidney cells (RK 13), Madin
Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK) and Crandell feline kidney cells (CRFK), and
the ethanolic extract of Origanum vulgare was not toxic at 600 μg/mL. The addition of aqueous extract of Origanum vulgare in media resulted in a
significant reduction of the EAV titer from 105.42 infecting dose
for cellular culture at 50% (TCID50) to 102.09 TCID50/100
μL while in the presence of the ethanolic extract of Origanum vulgare in media resulted in a
significant reduction of the EAV titer from 105.42 TCID50 to 100.79 TCID50/100 μL. To CDV the addition of aqueous
extract resulted in a reduction from 102.00 TCID50 to 100.00 TCID50/100 μL while in the presence of the ethanolic extract titers
were reduced from 102.00 TCID50 to 101.50 TCID50/100
μL. No significant differences in titers regarding the others analyzed viruses
were detected. With respect to chemical analysis of the extracts of Origanum vulgare, were identified in the
ethanol extract phenolics rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, carnosol, p-coumaric
acid, carnosic acid, luteolin, apigenin, kaempferol and quercetin. In aqueous
extracts of Origanum vulgare were detected
rosmarinic acid, p-coumaric acid carnosic acid, luteolin, apigenin, kaempferol
and quercetin. The data obtained stimulate other biological assays in order to
determine which compounds are responsible for the antiviral activity as well as
which are the mechanisms involved. The results presented and the considerations
we were able to draw from them allowed us to conclude that the ethanolic
extract of Origanum vulgare demonstrated
lower cell viability than the aqueous extract and has significant antiviral
activity against EAV and the both aqueous and ethanolic extracts have antiviral
action against CDV.
Share and Cite:
Blank, D. , Hübner, S. , Alves, G. , Cardoso, C. , Freitag, R. and Cleff, M. (2019) Chemical Composition and Antiviral Effect of Extracts of
Origanum vulgare.
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
10, 188-196. doi:
10.4236/abb.2019.107014.