Author(s)

Jacopo Troisi^1,2*, Luigi Giugliano¹, Antonio D’Antonio¹, Andrea Viggiano¹, Rosaria Meccariello³, Marika Scafuro¹, Marcellino Monda⁴, Angelo Colucci^1,2, Giovanni Scala², Maria Cofano¹, Maurizio Guida^1,2

¹Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy.
²Theoreo srl—Spin-Off Company of the University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy.
³Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.
⁴Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy.

Aim: Exposure to the ubiquitous endocrine disrupter Bisphenol A (BPA) has been associated, in pregnancy, with low birth weight. The aim of our study is the identification of the damage caused by Bisphenol A on placental tissue through the evaluation of its effects on micro-vessel density and apoptosis. Methods: After fertilization, we exposed 3 female rats to oral BPA, by means of a free access to a beverage solution containing 100 μg/L of BPA. Three female rats were used as controls. Placentas underwent histological examination and immunohistochemistry for von Willebr and factor (F-VIII) and caspase-9. Results: Sixty-seven fetuses have been produced, 30 from control rats and 37 from exposed rats. Exposed fetuses showed a lower longitudinal/transverse diameter ratio than controls (2.57 ± 0.29 vs. 2.78 ± 0.38, p < 0.05). Also, exposed fetuses showed a significant reduction in the number of placental vessels per field (124.86 ± 19.15 vs. 143.54 ± 22.09, p < 0.05). On the other hand, apoptosis is not increased by exposure, as shown by caspase-9 levels. Conclusion: Exposure to BPA during pregnancy may affect placental vascularization, and this phenomenon may explain the lower birth weight reported. However, our results do not show the increase in apoptosis observed in vitro.

Apoptosis, Bisphenol A, Intra Uterine Growth Restriction, Placenta, Placental Vascularization

Troisi, J. , Giugliano, L. , D’Antonio, A. , Viggiano, A. , Meccariello, R. , Scafuro, M. , Monda, M. , Colucci, A. , Scala, G. , Cofano, M. and Guida, M. (2018) Placental Vascularization and Apoptosis in Rats Orally Exposed to Low Doses of Bisphenol A. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 8, 958-969. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2018.811097.