Pneumonia of Children under 5 Years of Age in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo) - Open Journal of Pediatrics

OJPed > Vol.7 No.3, September 2017

Pneumonia of Children under 5 Years of Age in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo) ()

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Download as PDF (Size: 434KB) PP. 178-191

DOI: 10.4236/ojped.2017.73021 995 Downloads 3,199 Views Citations

Author(s)

A. R. Okoko^1,2*, E. Hossie², I. C. N’djobo-Mamadoud¹, E. Moyen^1,2, G. Ekouya Bowassa^1,2, G. Moyen^1,2

Affiliation(s)

¹Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
²Department of Doctoral Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

ABSTRACT

Pneumonia is one of the prime causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age. Objectives: To determine the frequency of pneumonia, to identify the causative organisms and the factors associated with death in children under 5 years of age. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed in children 1 to 59 months hospitalized for pneumonia between January and June 2016 in CHUB pediatric wards. Results: A total of 237 children were hospitalized for pneumonia, i.e. 12.3% of hospitalizations. There were 133 boys (56%) and 104 girls (44%) with a mean age of 15.9 ± 13.8 months. The average time elapsed between onset of symptoms and hospitalization was 7.2 ± 6.1 days. The alveolar syndrome 185 cases (81%), alveolo-interstitial 34 cases (15%), alveolar and pleural 9 cases (4%) were the main radiological translations. Blood cultures were positive in 74 cases (31%) and the bacteria identified were: Streptococcus pneumoniae 42 cases (17.5%), Staphylococcus Aureus 23 cases (9.6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 9 cases (3.7%). HIV serology was positive in 19 cases (8%). Fifty-eight (58) children (24%) died. Factors associated with death were respiratory distress, hypoxemia and hypothermia. Conclusion: Pneumonia of children under 5 years of age is frequent and severe prognosis. Their mastery requires the strengthening of the national respiratory disease control program and the knowledge of risk factors.

KEYWORDS

Pneumonia, Children, Morbidity, Mortality, Risk Factors, Brazzaville, Congo

Share and Cite:

Okoko, A. , Hossie, E. , N’djobo-Mamadoud, I. , Moyen, E. , Bowassa, G. and Moyen, G. (2017) Pneumonia of Children under 5 Years of Age in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo). Open Journal of Pediatrics, 7, 178-191. doi: 10.4236/ojped.2017.73021.

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