Emergence of Plastidial Intergenic Spacers as Suitable DNA Barcodes for Arid Medicinal Plant Rhazya stricta - American Journal of Plant Sciences

AJPS > Vol.8 No.8, July 2017

Emergence of Plastidial Intergenic Spacers as Suitable DNA Barcodes for Arid Medicinal Plant Rhazya stricta ()

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DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2017.88121 1,065 Downloads 2,370 Views Citations

Author(s)

Samia A. Khan¹, Mohammed N. Baeshen², Hassan A. Ramadan^1,3,4, Nabih A. Baeshen¹

Affiliation(s)

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
²Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, KSA.
³Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
⁴Department of Cell Biology, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.

ABSTRACT

The desert plant Rhazya stricta has anticancer and antimicrobial properties, and is widely used in indigenous medicines of Saudi Arabia. However, the therapeutic benefits rely on an accurate identification of this species. The authenticity of R. stricta and other medicinal plants and herbs procured from local markets can be questionable due to a lack of clear phenotypic traits. DNA barcoding is an emerging technology for rapid and accurate species identification. In this study, six candidate chloroplastid barcodes were investigated for the authentication of R. stricta. We compared the DNA sequences from fifty locally collected and five market samples of R. stricta with database sequences of R. stricta and seven closely related species. We found that the coding regions matK, rbcL, rpoB, and rpoC1 were highly similar among the taxa. By contrast, the intergenic spacers psbK-psbI and atpF-atpH were variable loci distinct for the medicinal plant R. stricta. psbK-psbI clearly discriminated R. stricta samples as an efficient single locus marker, whereas a two-locus marker combination comprising psbK-psbI + atpF-atpH was also promising according to results from the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool and a maximum likelihood gene tree generated using PHyML. Two-dimensional DNA barcodes (i.e., QR codes) for the psbK-psbI and psbK-psbI + atpF-atpH regions were created for the validation of fresh or dried R. stricta samples.

KEYWORDS

Rhazya Stricta, Medicinal Plant, DNA Barcoding, matK, rbcl, rpoB, rpoC1, atpF-atpH, psbK-psbI, Two-Dimensional DNA Barcode, QR Code

Share and Cite:

Khan, S. , Baeshen, M. , Ramadan, H. and Baeshen, N. (2017) Emergence of Plastidial Intergenic Spacers as Suitable DNA Barcodes for Arid Medicinal Plant Rhazya stricta. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 8, 1774-1789. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2017.88121.

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