Clinical and Biological Approach to Peripheral Lymphadenopathy in Adults from a Tertiary Care Centre in Lubumbashi (D. R Congo)

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DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1102852    964 Downloads   1,668 Views  Citations

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Superficial lymphadenopathy is a frequent reason for consultation in Internal Medicine. The diagnosis approach even done by a meticulous clinical examination has to be completed with investigations such as medical imagery and pathologic study. In low-income countries like Democratic Republic of Congo, means for proper diagnosis remain hardly accessible for some classes of the society. Thus, our study aims to describe socio-economic, clinical and biologic parameter that can give diagnosis orientation in patients with superficial lymphadenopathy as observed in the department of internal medicine at the University of Lubumbashi Clinics (DR Congo). Patients, Material and Method: This is a descriptive, transversal study on superficial lymphadenopathy observed for a period of 24 months from November 2013 to October 2015 at the University of Lubumbashi Clinics. Parameters studied included gender, age, localization and clinical characteristics of superficial lymphadenopathy; biologic parameters and pathologic diagnosis were determined by lymph nodes biopsy. Results: 36 patients data were captured and non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the most frequent pathologic diagnosis (47.20%) followed by reactive hyperplasia (27.80%) and infectious lymphadenitis (19.40%). Some of the variables studied presented a significant statistical association and included age ≥ 50 years old (p = 0.0247), inguinal location (p = 0.0053), multifocal location (p = 0.0063), sensible character (p = 0.0391) and leukocytosis (p = 0.0022) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and variables like age below 50 years (p = 0.0345), inguinal location (p = 0.0299) and sensible character (p = 0.394) for reactive hyperplasia. Conclusion: The most frequent aetiology seen in this very is non-Hodgkin lymphoma (47.2%) followed by lymph node reactive hyperplasia (27.8%) and infectious lymphadenitis. The emergence of non-communicable diseases in both developed countries as low income is growing and special emphasis should be given to this growing scourge. Cancer is one of the most frequent pathologies and non-Hodgkin lymphoma is one of the deadliest cancer types. And having epidemioclinic and biological parameters in the absence of appropriate diagnosis means could contribute to improving the prognosis of lymphadenopathy patients in low-income countries like the Democratic Republic of Congo.

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Kakisingi, C. , Mukuku, O. , Manika, M. , Kakoma, P. , Kashal, M. , Kyabu, V. , Kasamba, E. , Tshikuluila, B. , Muyumba, E. and Mwamba, C. (2016) Clinical and Biological Approach to Peripheral Lymphadenopathy in Adults from a Tertiary Care Centre in Lubumbashi (D. R Congo). Open Access Library Journal, 3, 1-7. doi: 10.4236/oalib.1102852.
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