Author(s)

Hyacinthe Zamané^1,2*, Dantola Paul Kain^1,2, Sibraogo Kiemtoré^1,2, Abdoul Azize Diallo¹, Jean Baptiste Valéa¹, Samba Diallo³, Fabienne Sanou⁴, Jean Lankoandé^1,2

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
²Unity of Training and Research in Health Sciences (UFR/SDS), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
³National Center of Blood Transfusion, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Context: In pregnant women with sickle cell disease, the management with exchange transfusion could be useful in improving the prognosis of mother and child by reducing the level of hemoglobin S less than 40%. Objective: To analyze the maternal and perinatal outcome during the program of the exchange transfusion in pregnant women with sickle cell disease. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective study over a period of 18 months. Pregnant women with a major form of sickle cell disease were included. A manual blood exchange transfusion was performed monthly. We monitored the occurrence of maternal and perinatal morbidity during the follow-up. Results: A total of 42 pregnant women with sickle cell disease were monitored. The frequency of infectious episodes and vaso-occlusive crisis was significantly reduced, respectively from 47.6% and 83.3% before the beginning of the blood exchanges transfusion to 11.9% and 16.7% during blood exchanges transfusion program. All newborns were alive at birth with an Apgar score higher or equal to 7 at the 5^th minute. The rate of admission of the newborns at neonatal intensive care unit was 9.3%. Maternal mortality was estimated at 7.1% and there was no early neonatal mortality. Conclusion: Prophylactic exchange transfusion reduces infections and the reoccurrence of vaso-occlusive crisis, which has an impact on perinatal prognosis.

Sickle Cell Disease, Exchange Transfusion, Maternal and Perinatal Prognosis

Zamané, H. , Kain, D. , Kiemtoré, S. , Diallo, A. , Valéa, J. , Diallo, S. , Sanou, F. and Lankoandé, J. (2016) Preventive Exchange Blood Transfusion in Pregnant Women with Sickle Cell Disease: Maternal and Perinatal Prognosis in a Country with Limited Resources, Burkina Faso. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6, 373-378. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2016.66048.