Author(s)

Garth L. Nicolson^1*, Gonzalo Ferreira de Mattos², Robert Settineri³, Carlos Costa², Rita Ellithorpe⁴, Steven Rosenblatt⁵, James La Valle⁶, Antonio Jimenez⁷, Shigeo Ohta⁸

¹Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, USA.
²Laboratory of Ion Channels, School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
³Sierra Research, Irvine, USA.
⁴Tustin Longevity Center, Tustin, USA.
⁵Saint John’s Health Center, Santa Monica, USA.
⁶Progressive Medical Center, Orange, USA.
⁷Hope Cancer Institute, Playas de Tijuana, Mexico.
⁸Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Japan.

Here we review the literature on the effects of molecular hydrogen (H₂) on normal human subjects and patients with a variety of diagnoses, such as metabolic, rheumatic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative and other diseases, infections and physical and radiation damage as well as effects on aging and exercise. Although the effects of H₂ have been studied in multiple animal models of human disease, such studies will not be reviewed in depth here. H₂ can be administered as a gas, in saline implants or infusions, as topical solutions or baths or by drinking H₂-enriched water. This latter method is the easiest and least costly method of administration. There are no safety issues with hydrogen; it has been used for years in gas mixtures for deep diving and in numerous clinical trials without adverse events, and there are no warnings in the literature of its toxicity or long-term exposure effects. Molecular hydrogen has proven useful and convenient as a novel antioxidant and modifier of gene expression in many conditions where oxidative stress and changes in gene expression result in cellular damage.

Anti-Oxidant, Hydrogen Therapy, Gene Regulation, Gamates, Inflammatory Disease, Neurodegenerative Disease, Rheumatic Disease, Infections, Aging, Exercise, Metabolic Disease, Ischemia, Cardiovascular Disease, Neuromuscular Disease, Radiation, Skin, Sepsis

Nicolson, G. , de Mattos, G. , Settineri, R. , Costa, C. , Ellithorpe, R. , Rosenblatt, S. , La Valle, J. , Jimenez, A. and Ohta, S. (2016) Clinical Effects of Hydrogen Administration: From Animal and Human Diseases to Exercise Medicine. International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 7, 32-76. doi: 10.4236/ijcm.2016.71005.