Author(s)

Elio Conte^1,2, Ken Ware⁴, Riccardo Marvulli^1,3, Giancarlo Ianieri³, Marisa Megna³, Sergio Conte¹, Leonardo Mendolicchio¹, Enrico Pierangeli¹

¹School of Advanced International Studies on Applied Theoretical and Non Linear Methodologies of Physics, Bari, Italy.
²Department of Basic Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
³Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
⁴The International NeuroPhysics Functional Performance Institute, Robina, Australia.

We perform an analysis of brain-neuromuscular synchronization and coupling strength in muscular dystrophy before and after NPT treatment. In order to estimate with accuracy the level of brain synchronization, we introduce and use the method of the cross GMI that was elaborated by Pompe. The finality is to account for the nonlinear chaotic dynamic contributions that regulate the dynamics. We find that this method is excellent and it may be applied in such case of sEMG and EEG study as well as at a general neurological level. By it we arrive to quantify the coupling strength and synchronization first between two muscular sections (left and right trapezes) and after between Brain activity, as recorded by the EEG, and the trapezes. We compare the results before and after the NPT treatment and we find that the improvement obtained following such treatment is very consistent. We have now in progress other studies relating in particular the application of such new methodologies to other more serious pathologies as the HSP (Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia).

Chaos Analysis, Muscular Dystrophy, Brain Synchronization Analysis, Generalized Mutual Information, Surface Electromyography, EEG

Conte, E. , Ware, K. , Marvulli, R. , Ianieri, G. , Megna, M. , Conte, S. , Mendolicchio, L. and Pierangeli, E. (2015) Analysis of Brain-Neuromuscular Synchronization and Coupling Strength in Muscular Dystrophy after NPT Treatment. World Journal of Neuroscience, 5, 302-321. doi: 10.4236/wjns.2015.54028.