Author(s)

Mohamed A. Huneif^1*, Ayed A. Shati², Abdu M. Abudiah³, Abdullah M. Aljaser³, Mansour Y. Otaif⁴

¹Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, KSA.
²Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA.
³Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, KSA.
⁴Department of Pediatric Neurology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, KSA.

Objective: To report a case of Kawasaki disease (KD) with unusual age at presentation. Case Report: A 26-day-old Saudi boy presented with fever, irritability and poor feeding for 3 days. There was right cervical lymph node enlargement. There was mild throat congestion and bilateral congested tympanic membrane. The liver was palpable. Otherwise, there were no more abnormal physical findings. Laboratory findings revealed high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and positive C-reactive protein. The patient was admitted into an isolation room and antibiotics were started. On the 5^th day, the condition of the patient deteriorated. Ampicillin was discontinued and vancomycin was started till getting the results of the culture sensitivity. On the 7^th day, he developed diaper rash and fever spikes continued. On the 8^th day, the patient developed swelling, redness and hotness of the right hand. Possibility of sepsis was considered and the administered antibiotics were imipenem and vancomycin, while cefotaxime was discontinued. On the 12^th day, the patient developed anemia and leukocytosis. Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase was high. On the 15^th day, the patient started to develop maculopapular rash on the trunk and desquamation of both hands and feet with swelling, cracked lips, bilateral conjunctival injection and unilateral neck lymph node swelling. So, the infant’s condition was clinically diagnosed as KD. Aspirin was started and 2 doses of intravenous immunoglobulins were given. On the 18^th day, the condition of patient improved and the fever subsided. Conclusions: The diagnosis of KD among neonates is a clinical challenge. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria after the exclusion of other diseases presenting with high persistent fever. Early treatment by administering intravenous immunoglobulins and aspirin can help prevent cardiac complications. There is a pressing need to raise awareness among pediatricians about this disease.

Kawasaki Disease, Neonate, Skin Desquamation, Strawberry Tongue, Immunoglobulin, Cardiovascular Complications

Huneif, M. , Shati, A. , Abudiah, A. , Aljaser, A. and Otaif, M. (2015) Neonatal Kawasaki Disease: A Case Report. Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases, 5, 40-45. doi: 10.4236/ojra.2015.52008.