Chronic exposure to low doses of ozone similar to a
day of high pollution in Mexico City causes a state of oxidative stress. This
produces a progressive neurodegeneration in hippocampus of rats exposed to the
gas. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of chronic exposure on the
changes in the blood-brain barrier in rats exposed to low doses of ozone.
Method: each group received one of the following treatments, control group
received air without ozone, and groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 received ozone doses
of 0.25 ppm for 4 h daily during 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days respectively. Each
group was processed to inmunohistochemical technique against of the following
antibody: blood-brain barrier, guanylyl cyclase, Iba-1, GFAP, NFκ-B, TNF-α. The results show that there is a correlation between the time
exposure of ozone and the progressive damage, on the blood-brain barrier
rupture, finally causing edema of endothelial cell, increase in guanylyl
cyclase type 1, thickening of the processes and astrocytes foot, and an
increase in the expression of factors NFκ-B
and TNF-α at 30 and 60 days of exposure
to this gas. All the above indicates that the chronic state of oxidative stress
causes a neurodegeneration process, accompanied by disruption of the
blood-brain barrier likely to occur in the Alzheimer’s disease.