Author(s)

Michele L. Santangelo, Sergio Spiezia, Nicola Carlomagno, Concetta Dodaro, Cristina La Tessa, Davide De Rosa, Maria Pina Piantadosi, Andrea Renda

Department of Surgery, Anesthesia and Emergency Science, School of Medicine – University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy.

In this study we focus on kidney-transplanted patients in order to investigate the correlation between immunodeficiency (ID) induced by immunosuppressive treatments and the incidence of solid multiple primary malignancies (MPM). Material of study: From 1980 to 2010 we followed up 1000 kidney-transplanted patients (637M, 363F). This group was homogeneous for age, immunology (e.g. miss-match index), number of rejection events and for immunosuppressive therapy. Results: Out of 1000 kidney-transplanted patients we observed 70 patients (53M, 17F) with cancer disease and in 22 of them a multiple cancer has been found. Most of multiple cancer were synchronous and the association between cancer and rejection episodes were not significant. Discussion: In general population 1 out of 9 patients with a cancer would develop a second neoplasia during the course of his life, so, it would be logical to conclude that, from a merely theoretical and statistical point of view, long term transplanted patients potentially have a higher risk to develop MPM. But our series and literature review did not confirm it, probably because these patients die before the appearance of a second primary malignancy. Conclusions: Despite many observations regarding different types of tumors/pre-cancerous lesions and their increased incidence in ID patients and despite the fact that immune suppression is a predisposing factor for the multicancer syndrome, at least theoretically, nowadays there are no significant statistical data favouring a correlation between ID and MPM in kidney transplanted patients.

Multiple Primary Malignancies; Immunosuppressive Therapy; Kidney Transplantation

Santangelo, M. , Spiezia, S. , Carlomagno, N. , Dodaro, C. , Tessa, C. , Rosa, D. , Piantadosi, M. and Renda, A. (2012) Risk of Second Solid Malignancy among 1000 Kidney Transplanted Patients: A Single Center Study. Open Journal of Organ Transplant Surgery, 2, 42-45. doi: 10.4236/ojots.2012.24011.