The combined effects of temperature and salinity on survival of postlarvae tiger prawn Penaeus monodon under laboratory conditions

Nilnaj Chaitanawisuti, Wannanee Santhaweesuk, Gullaya Wattayakorn

Aquatic Resources Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.46A008                

Abstract

A 3 x 4 two-factor factorial experimental design with three replications per treatment was conducted to determine the effects three temperatures viz., room temperature (29°C ± 1°C) and elevated temperatures (33°C and 35°C ± 0.5°C) and four salinities (25, 30, 33 and 35 ppt) on survival of postlarvae tiger prawn Penaeus monodon under laboratory conditions. Results showed that temperature had a greater influence on survival of postlarvae P. monodon than salinity and low water temperature (29°C) gave better larval survival than higher water temperatures (33°C and 35°C). In addition, the PL1 had better tolerance to high temperatures than PL15. At the termination of the experiment, the best survival of PL1 was found at 29°C for all salinities tested with an average of 95.8%, while the best survival of PL15 was also found at 29°C for all salinities tested with an average of 70.6%. Based on survival at temperatures and salinities tested, the best salinity and temperature combination for the culture of P. monodon PL1 and PL15 were 29°C at 25, 30, 33 and 35 ppt, and 29°C at 25 and 30 ppt, respectively.

Keywords

Penaeus monodon; Salinity; Temperature; Postlarvae; Survival

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	[1] Aktas, M.S. and Nuran, A. (2012) The combined effects of salinity and temperature on the egg hatching rate, incubation time, and survival until protozoal stages of Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius) (Decapoda: Penaeidae). Turkish Journal of Zoology, 36, 249.
[2]	Babu, S., Shailender, M., Sarmai, K.P. and Kishor, B. (2012) Effects of temperature and salinity on growth, hatching rate and survival of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii under captive conditions. International Journal of Bioassays, 1, 150-155.
[3]	Bett, C. and Vinatea, L. (2009) Combined effect of body weight, temperature and salinity on shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei oxygen consumption rate. Brazil Journal of Oceanography, 57.
[4]	Hernandez, M.S., Calos, A., Palacios, A.M, Ruth, C., Perez, V., Rosas, C. and Ross, L.G. (2005) The combined effects of salinity and temperature on the oxygen consumption of juvenile shrimps Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson, 1874). Aquaculture, 244, 341-348. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.11.023
[5]	Jackson, C.J. and Burford, M. (2003) The effects of temperature and salinity on growth and survival of larval shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus (Decapoda: Penaeoidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 23, 819-826. doi:10.1651/C-2379
[6]	Kumlu, M., Eroldogan, O.T. and Aktas, M. (2000) Effects of temperature and survival on larval growth, survival and development of Penaeus semisulcatus. Aquaculture, 188, 167-173. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00330-6
[7]	Lemairea, P., Bernarda, E., Martinez-Pazb, J.A. and Chima, L. (2002) Combined effect of temperature and salinity on osmoregulation of juvenile and subadult Penaeus stylirostris. Aquaculture, 209, 307-317. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00756-6
[8]	Palafox, J.P., Palacise, C.A.M. and Ross, L.G. (1997) The effects of salinity and temperature on the growth and survival rates of juvenile white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, Boone, 1931. Aquaculture, 157, 107-115. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00148-8
[9]	Rothlisberg, P.C. (1979) Combined effects of temperature and salinity on the survival and growth of the larvae of Pandalus jordani (Decapoda: Pandalidae). Marine Biology, 54, 125-134. doi:10.1007/BF00386591
[10]	Zacharia, S. and Kakati, V.S. (2004) Optimal salinity and temperature for early developmental stages of Penaeus merguiensis De man. Aquaculture, 232, 373-382. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00538-6