Biosecurity is a shared global responsibility. The Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) and the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, with research by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), developed a Global Health Security (GHS) Index that put forward a public benchmarking of health security and related capabilities across 195 countries for the first time. The GHS Index assesses countries’ health security and capabilities across 6 categories, 34 indicators, and 85 sub-indicators. The inaugural GHS Index, released prior to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, found that some countries were not prepared for a globally catastrophic biological event.7 The average overall GHS Index score was 40.2 out of a possible 100. It has been suggested that the 2021 GHS Index will incorporate important lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic and continue to serve as an international benchmark for capacity and capability in times of global disaster.

In the present book, eleven typical literatures about Biosafety and Biosecurity published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on Recurrent West Nile virus outbreak, Epidemiological modeling, Physico-chemical quality, Comparison of the binding energies, Epidemiological and comparative genomic analyses, ect. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in Biosafety and Biosecurity as well as give references to the researchers, students and other related people.