Stroke is when poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death. There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and hemorrhagic, due to bleeding. They result in part of the brain not functioning properly. Treatment to try recover lost function is called stroke rehabilitation and ideally takes place in a stroke unit. Stroke rehabilitation is the process by which those with disabling strokes undergo treatment to help them return to normal life as much as possible by regaining and relearning the skills of everyday living. It also aims to help the survivor understand and adapt to difficulties, prevent secondary complications and educate family members to play a supporting role. Stroke rehabilitation should be started as quickly as possible and can last anywhere from a few days to over a year.  Daily rehabilitation exercises should continue to be part of the stroke patient’s routine. Complete recovery is unusual but not impossible and most patients will improve to some extent: proper diet and exercise are known to help the brain to recover.

In the present book, fifteen typical literatures about treatment of stroke published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on medical science, neuroscience, epidemiology, ect. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in treatment of stroke as well as give references to the researchers, students and other related people.