Herein, we present a monograph entitled “Mind in Aging” for young scientists who wish to study traditional Japanese Kampo medicine. This monograph describes more than two decades of our research and represents the work of many young scientists who dedicated their time to accomplish this program. We are sincerely grateful to these participants, and the names of each are listed in the chapter acknowledgments.

Life-threatening diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, autoimmune disease, and obesity will hopefully be eliminated sometime in the relatively near future. However, mysteries and diseases of the mind will likely remain unsolved for a longer time. Daily activities of learning and memory retrieval, thinking and thought, and perception all stimulate a feeling of mind. Without learning and memory, thinking and thought, as well as perception, are not enough to recognize self-existence and will not stimulate a feeling of mind. For the past several decades, we have studied learning and memory, thinking and thought, and the sensibility of perception in experimental animals in order to unlock the mysteries of the mind, particularly with regard to aging.