Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms. Long term high blood pressure, however, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, vision loss, and chronic kidney disease. Historically the treatment for what was called the “hard pulse disease” consisted in reducing the quantity of blood by bloodletting or the application of leeches. The therapeutic approach for the treatment of hard pulse disease included changes in lifestyle (staying away from anger and sexual intercourse) and dietary program for patients (avoiding the consumption of wine, meat, and pastries, reducing the volume of food in a meal, maintaining a low-energy diet and the dietary usage of spinach and vinegar).

In the present book, fifteen typical literatures about hypertension treatment published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on medical science, epidemiology, aging-associated diseases, vasculardisease, ect. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in hypertension treatment as well as give references to the researchers, students and other related people.